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Table 3 Univariate Analysis of malignant SPNs (n, %)

From: Decreased levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules were risk factors for malignancy

CT signs

Benign SPNs

(n = 73)

Malignant SPNs

(n = 114)

F/χ2 value

P value

Location left lung

54

76

0.0176

0.894

right lung

19

28

Burr sign

16

42

4.633

0.031

Lobulation sign

18

45

4.373

0.037

Pleural traction sign

19

51

6.651

0.010

Vascular convergence sign

12

40

7.710

0.005

Vacuole sign

13

48

11.935

0.000

Size >1 cm

16

55

13.097

0.000

≤1 cm

57

59

Type of nodule solid nodules

28

58

2.131

0.144

ground glass nodule

35

44

mixed nodules

10

12

Calcification

28

9

26.018

0.000

Satellite lesions

19

10

10.113

0.001