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Table 2 Independent risk factors for increased one-year mortality

From: Intermediate and high peri-operative cardiac enzyme release following isolated coronary artery bypass surgery are independently associated with higher one-year mortality

 

Hazard Ratio

95% Confidence Intervals

p Value

CE release >6 times the ULR

5.0

4.5 to 5.4

<0.001

Ejection fraction <30%

3.1

2.7 to 3.5

<0.001

Age at operation *

1.06

1.03 to 1.08

<0.001

Renal dysfunction

2.6

2.0 to 3.2

<0.001

Peripheral vascular disease

2.1

1.7 to 2.5

0.002

CE release 3 to 6 times the ULR

2.1

1.6 to 2.6

0.002

Prior cardiac surgery

2.9

2.2 to 3.7

0.006

Emergent procedure

2.8

2.0 to 3.6

0.007

Female sex

1.5

1.1 to 1.9

0.041

  1. CE, Cardiac enzyme; ULR, Upper limit of reference range.
  2. * per unit increase.