From: Risk factors for mediastinitis after cardiac surgery – a retrospective analysis of 1700 patients
Variable | Mediastinitis (n) | Σ (n) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | |||
Age (years) | 64.1 ± 10.2 | 66.5 ± 8.73 | 1700 | 0.71 |
Gender | ||||
Male | 1175 | 37 | 1212 | n.s. |
Female | 479 | 8 | 487 | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.0 | 29.8 | 1700 | 0.008 |
Hypertension | ||||
No | 273 | 7 | 280 | n.s. |
Yes | 1381 | 38 | 1419 | |
Diabetes mellitus | ||||
No | 1086 | 23 | 1109 | 0.05 |
Yes | 568 | 22 | 590 | |
Active Smoking | ||||
No | 858 | 15 | 873 | n.s. |
Yes | 295 | 11 | 306 | |
COPD | ||||
No | 1507 | 35 | 1542 | 0.006 |
Yes | 147 | 10 | 157 | |
Peripheral vascular disease | ||||
No | 1465 | 39 | 1504 | n.s. |
Yes, untreated | 132 | 3 | 135 | |
Yes, treated | 56 | 3 | 59 | |
Ejection fraction (% ± SD) | 59.6 ± 15.8 | 58.7 ± 15.0 | 1700 | n.s. |
Previous cardiac surgery | ||||
No | 1607 | 45 | 1652 | n.s. |
Yes | 47 | 0 | 47 | |
NYHA class | ||||
I | 113 | 3 | 116 | n.s. |
II | 882 | 19 | 901 | |
III | 566 | 20 | 586 | |
IV | 55 | 2 | 57 | |
CCS class | ||||
I | 100 | 0 | 100 | 0.02 |
II | 725 | 15 | 740 | |
III | 686 | 23 | 709 | |
IV | 104 | 7 | 111 | |
Renal insufficiency | ||||
No | 1318 | 30 | 1348 | n.s. |
Yes, compensated | 309 | 14 | 323 | |
Yes, dialysis | 16 | 1 | 17 | |
Status post renal transplantation | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
Hemoglobin (mmol/l ± SD) | 8.6 ± 1.1 | 8.4 ± 1.2 | 1697 | n.s. |
Creatinine (μmol/l ± SD) | 96.7 ± 64.9 | 109.1 ± 58.7 | 1690 | n.s. |
Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/l ± SD) | 6.8 ± 3.2 | 7.5 ± 4.4 | 1672 | n.s. |
Surgical technique | ||||
cardiopulmonary bypass | 1276 | 32 | 1308 | n.s. |
OPCAB | 276 | 9 | 285 | |
PACAB | 18 | 0 | 18 | |
MIDCAB | 84 | 4 | 88 | |
Number of bypasses (n ± SD) | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 1699 | n.s. |
Use of LIMA | ||||
No | 479 | 9 | 488 | n.s. |
Yes | 1175 | 36 | 1211 | |
Bilateral IMA use | ||||
No | 1587 | 40 | 0.02 | |
Yes | 67 | 5 | ||
Total arterial revascularization | ||||
No | 1276 | 31 | 1307 | n.s. |
Yes | 378 | 14 | 392 |