Table 1 Preoperative patient characteristics
From: Outcomes of single-stage total arch replacement via clamshell incision
Patients | No. of patients |
|---|---|
Male/female ratio | 26:12 |
Age (y) | 71 ± 10 |
Emergency cases | 18 (47%) |
Comorbidity | Â |
   Hypertension | 32 (84%) |
   History of smoking | 17 (45%) |
   Hyperlipidemia | 8 (21%) |
   Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 7 (18%) |
   Coronary artery disease | 3 (8%) |
   Peripheral vascular disease | 0 (0%) |
   Creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dL | 3 (8%) |
   Previous transient ischemic attack or stroke | 2 (5%) |
   Marfan syndrome | 1 (3%) |
   Diabetes mellitus | 2 (5%) |
Previous operations | Â |
   Coronary artery bypass | 1 (3%) |
   Aortic valve procedure | 1 (3%) |
   Ascending aortic repair | 3 (8%) |
   Descending thoracic aortic repair | 0 (0%) |
   Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair | 5 (13%) |
Etiology of aortic disease | Â |
   Degenerative aneurysm | 12 (32%) |
   Ruptured aneurysm | 6 (16%) |
   Acute type A dissection | 7 (18%) |
   Acute type B dissection | 5 (13%) |
   Chronic type B dissection | 8 (21%) |