Table 2 Comparison of all patients with normal and prolonged ventilation
From: Prolonged ventilation post cardiac surgery - tips and pitfalls of the prediction game
Group of variables | Variable | Normal ventilation (n = 4182) | Prolonged ventilation (n = 175) | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data and general condition | Age > 65 years | 1780 | (43%) | 94 | (54%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Female gender | 1329 | (32%) | 78 | (45%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Unstable course of disease | 1594 | (38%) | 98 | (56%) | <0.00 |
| Â | Unstable course of disease | 1594 | (38%) | 98 | (56%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Critical preoperative state | 8 | (0.2%) | 9 | (5.1%) | <0.00 |
| Â | Critical preoperative state | 8 | (0.2%) | 9 | (5.1%) | <0.01 |
Circulatory function | CCS class IV | 366 | (8.8%) | 24 | (14%) | 0.02 |
| Â | NYHA class III or IV | 740 | (18%) | 68 | (39%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Previous PTCA/stent | 1053 | (25%) | 36 | (21%) | 0.17 |
| Â | Recent MI up to 90 days | 694 | (17%) | 29 | (17%) | 0.99 |
| Â | EF < 40% | 467 | (11%) | 33 | (19%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Endocarditis | 37 | (0.9%) | 5 | (2.9%) | 0.03 |
Co-morbidities | Diabetes | 1164 | (28%) | 56 | (32%) | 0.23 |
| Â | Arterial hypertension | 3149 | (75%) | 119 | (68%) | 0.03 |
| Â | BMI > 35 | 196 | (4.7%) | 9 | (5.1%) | 0.78 |
| Â | Renal failure | 92 | (2.2%) | 10 | (5.7%) | 0.01 |
| Â | COPD | 389 | (9.3%) | 18 | (10%) | 0.66 |
| Â | History of TIA or stroke | 235 | (5.6%) | 23 | (13%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Carotid disease | 511 | (12%) | 26 | (15%) | 0.30 |
| Â | Peripheral vascular disease | 599 | (14%) | 21 | (12%) | 0.39 |
Procedure -related variables | Previous cardiac surgery | 142 | (3.4%) | 18 | (10%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Non-elective surgery | 922 | (22%) | 41 | (23%) | 0.67 |
| Â | Emergency surgery | 104 | (2.5%) | 33 | (19%) | <0.01 |
| Â | CABG | 1157 | (28%) | 38 | (22%) | 0.08 |
| Â | OPCAB/MIDCAB | 1432 | (34%) | 20 | (11%) | <0.01 |
| Â | CPB > 2 h | 868 | (21%) | 108 | (62%) | <0.00 |
| Â | CPB > 2 h | 868 | (21%) | 108 | (62%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Coronary surgery | 2589 | (62%) | 58 | (33%) | <0.00 |
| Â | Coronary surgery | 2589 | (62%) | 58 | (33%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Valve surgery | 1026 | (25%) | 51 | (29%) | 0.17 |
| Â | Combined procedures | 388 | (9.3%) | 36 | (21%) | <0.01 |
| Â | Aortic aneurysm surgery | 179 | (4.3%) | 30 | (17%) | <0.00 |
| Â | Aortic aneurysm surgery | 179 | (4.3%) | 30 | (17%) | <0.01 |
Outcome | Death | 28 | (0.7%) | 47 | (27%) | <0.01 |