Table 2 Risks factors for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation.
From: A review of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and therapeutic strategies
Probable | Potential |
|---|---|
Acute rejection | Aspergillus colonization of the lower airways |
CMV pneumonitis | Aspiration |
HLA-mismatching | CMV infection (without pneumonitis) |
Lymphocytic bronchitis/bronchiolitis | Donor antigen-specific activity |
Noncompliance with medications | Epstein-Barr virus reactivation |
Primary graft dysfunction | Etiology of native lung disease |
| Â | Gastroesophageal reflux |
| Â | Older donor age |
| Â | Pneumonia (gram negatives, gram positives, fungi) |
| Â | Prolonged allograft ischemia |
| Â | Recurrent infection other than CMV |