Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of the study population
From: Hemodynamic effects of peri-operative statin therapy in on-pump cardiac surgery patients
Statin | No Statin | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
(n = 276) | (n = 202) | ||
Age and gender | |||
Age (years) | 68 ± 8.9 | 68 ± 10.9 | 0.94 |
Male / Female (%) | 69.2/30.8 | 59.9/40.1 | 0.03 |
Risk factors | |||
Body mass index (kg/m²) | 28 ± 4.7 | 27.1 ± 4.4 | 0.03 |
Smokers (%) | 39.9 | 27.7 | 0.006 |
Hypertension (%) | 77.5 | 68.8 | 0.03 |
Diabetes mellitus (%) | 37 | 23.3 | 0.001 |
Positive family history (%) | 13.4 | 4 | 0.11 |
Ejection fraction (EF; %) | 54 ± 14 | 53 ± 14 | 0.75 |
Peripheral disease (%) | 8.3 | 5 | 0.15 |
Neurocerebral events (%) | 12.3 | 12.4 | 0.98 |
Pulmonary hypertension (%) | 5.8 | 11.9 | 0.02 |
COPD (%) | 9.1 | 6.4 | 0.30 |
Dialysis (%) | 0.4 | 1 | 0.39 |
Renal dysfunction (%) | 14.5 | 13.4 | 0.73 |
Renal function variables | |||
Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.17 ± 0.75 | 1.18 ± 0.74 | 0.82 |
Urea (mg/dl) | 22 ± 13 | 22 ± 13 | 0.54 |
Estimated creatinine clearance (ml/min) | 75 ± 32 | 77 ± 34 | 0.68 |
Hematocrit (%) | 40 ± 6 | 39 ± 6 | 0.31 |
Preoperative medications | |||
ß-blockers (%) | 67 | 61.4 | 0.20 |
ACE inhibitors (%) | 60.5 | 45 | 0.0008 |
Oral nitrates (%) | 22.5 | 13.9 | 0.02 |
Antiarrhythmics (%) | 4 | 3.5 | 0.76 |
Diuretics (%) | 40 | 43.1 | 0.48 |
Antidiabetics (%) | 21.7 | 14.9 | 0.06 |
Further antihypertensives (%) | 25.4 | 18.3 | 0.07 |
Bronchodilator (%) | 3.3 | 3 | 0.86 |
Anticoagulation (%) | 76.8 | 59.4 | 0.0001 |
Associated surgical procedures | |||
CABG (n = 252 / 52.7%) (%) | 68.1 | 31.7 | <0.0001 |
Valve (n = 107 / 22.4%) (%) | 10.9 | 38.1 | <0.0001 |
Combined procedures (n = 101 / 21.1%) (%) | 20.3 | 22.3 | 0.65 |
Other procedures (n = 18 / 3.8%) (%) | 0.7 | 7.9 | <0.0001 |
Euroscore additive | 5 ± 4 | 6 ± 4 | 0.29 |