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Table 4 Patient outcomes

From: Early malperfusion, ischemia reperfusion injury, and respiratory failure in acute complicated type B aortic dissection after thoracic endovascular repair

Outcome

Sex/ Age

Clinical indications

Indicators of severe end-organ malperfusion (number)

Cause of death or major complication

Malperfused branch arteries before procedure

Onset time to procedure

Malperfused branch arteries after procedure

Length of stay post procedure

Death

M/ 58

Abdominal pain, paraplegia, bilateral low extremity ischemic mottling (type III) a, arterial hypertension

3

IRI, MOF

Occlusion of bilateral RA and infrarenal aorta true lumen collapse

48 h

Open of left RA (double lumen supply), right RA (false lumen supply) and infrarenal aorta (true lumen supply)

9 d (ICU 9d)

Death

M/ 39

Abdominal pain, hematochezia, hematemesis

3

IRI, MOF

Occlusion of SMA, bilateral RA

15 h

Open of bilateral RA (true lumen supply), SMA dissection

2 d (ICU 2d)

Death

M/ 31

Abdominal pain, hematochezia, left low extremity ischemic pallor and suggillation (type III), arterial hypertension

3

IRI, Intestinal tract necrosis

Occlusion of SMA, right RA and right CIA

13 h

Open of SMA,right RA and right CIA (true lumen supply)

7 h (ICU 7 h)

Death

M/ 61

Arterial hypertension, encephalopathy

no

ARDS, renal failure, respiratory infection, encephalopathy

None

8 d

None

29 d (ICU 29 d)

Live

M/ 65

Chest pain, arterial hypertension

no

ARDS, acute hepatic failure, respiratory infection

None

52 h

None

31 d (ICU 24d)

Live

M/ 41

Tar stool

2

ARDS, respiratory infection, hydropericardium, pleural effusion

Occlusion of right RA and CIA

11 d

Open of right RA and CIA (true lumen supply)

12 d (ICU 11d)

Live

M/ 32

Obesity, pleural effusion

no

ARDS, Respiratory infection

None

7 d

None

34 d (ICU 16d)

Live

F/ 39

Abdominal pain, hematochezia

2

Intestinal ischemia, intestinal infection, ischemic pancreatitis

Occlusion of SMA, right RA and left EIA

4 d

Open of SMA, right RA and left EIA (true lumen supply)

38 d (ICU 11d)

  1. RA, renal artery; SMA, superior mesenteric artery; CIA, common iliac artery; MOF, multiple organ failure; ARDS, adult respiratory distress syndrome; EIA, external iliac artery; IRI, ischemic reperfusion injury. aThe classification of low extremity ischemia was from reference 14.