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Figure 1 | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Figure 1

From: The effect of venovenous extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy on immune inflammatory response of cerebral tissues in porcine model

Figure 1

Effects of ECMO therapy on cytokine (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a) in serum. The levels of cytokine (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a) were assessed 0, 2 6, 12 and 24 hours post-ECMO treatment by using specific ELISA. Results are reported as histograms representing the cytokine mean concentrations with SD. Asterisks inside the graphs indicate the significance of comparison with control group: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

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