Table 1 Baseline characteristics (demographic and presentation) of coronary artery bypass patients according to neutrophil lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and surgical approach (MICS vs. Sternotomy CABG)
Variables | NLR <2.3 (N = 371) | p Value | 2.3 ≤ NLR ≤ 3.4 (N = 375) | p Value | NLR >3.4 (N = 380) | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sternotomy CABG | MICS | Sternotomy CABG | MICS | Sternotomy CABG | MICS | ||||
n | 242 | 129 | 245 | 130 | 243 | 137 | |||
Age (years) | 62.5 ± 10.2 | 60.7 ± 10.9 | 0.12 | 64.3 ± 11.0 | 62.6 ± 10.7 | 0.14 | 67.5 ± 11.0 | 65.6 ± 10.7 | 0.10 |
Male | 174 (71.9%) | 90 (69.8%) | 0.67 | 172 (70.5%) | 93 (71.0%) | 0.92 | 178 (73.3%) | 100 (73.0%) | 0.96 |
Race (Caucasian) | 200 (82.6%) | 106 (82.2%) | 0.09 | 218 (89.3%) | 123 (93.9%) | 0.14 | 227 (93.4%) | 128 (93.4%) | 1.00 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 29.1 ± 5.09 | 29.4 ± 5.42 | 0.65 | 30.0 ± 5.70 | 29.9 ± 6.22 | 0.95 | 28.8 ± 5.50 | 28.7 ± 5.71 | 0.81 |
Death | 21 (8.7%) | 9 (7.0%) | 0.57 | 32 (13.1%) | 17 (13.0%) | 0.97 | 57 (23.5%) | 18 (13.1%) | 0.02 |
Family history of CAD | 101 (41.7%) | 63 (48.8%) | 0.19 | 79 (32.4%) | 45 (34.4%) | 0.7 | 89 (36.6%) | 41 (29.9%) | 0.19 |
Smoking | 149 (62.9%) | 65 (50.4%) | 0.02 | 141 (59.7%) | 72 (55.4%) | 0.42 | 134 (55.6%) | 69 (50.4%) | 0.33 |
Hypertension | 172 (71.1%) | 98 (76.6%) | 0.26 | 180 (74.1%) | 93 (71.0%) | 0.52 | 181 (74.5%) | 113 (83.1%) | 0.05 |
Diabetes mellitus | 94 (38.8%) | 33 (25.6%) | 0.01 | 73 (29.9%) | 33 (25.2%) | 0.33 | 96 (39.5%) | 47 (34.3%) | 0.32 |
Peripheral arterial disease | 29 (12.0%) | 13 (10.1%) | 0.58 | 36 (14.8%) | 7 (5.3%) | 0.006 | 39 (16.0%) | 14 (10.2%) | 0.12 |
Renal failure on dialysis | 3 (1.2%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.68 | 3 (1.2%) | 5 (3.8%) | 0.1 | 8 (3.3%) | 9 (6.6%) | 0.14 |
Myocardial infarction | 134 (55.4%) | 51 (39.5%) | 0.004 | 132 (54.1%) | 52 (39.7%) | 0.008 | 130 (53.5%) | 38 (27.7%) | <0.001 |
History of PCI | 71 (29.3%) | 23 (17.8%) | 0.02 | 66 (27.0%) | 31 (23.7%) | 0.48 | 58 (23.9%) | 23 (16.8%) | 0.11 |
Prior CABG | 7 (2.9%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0.51 | 7 (2.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.27 | 9 (3.7%) | 2 (1.5%) | 0.34 |
Prior heart failure | 37 (15.3%) | 7 (5.4%) | 0.005 | 41 (16.8%) | 9 (6.9%) | 0.007 | 45 (18.5%) | 11 (8.0%) | 0.01 |
Prior cerebrovascular event | 31 (12.8%) | 8 (6.2%) | 0.048 | 39 (16.0%) | 11 (8.4%) | 0.04 | 50 (20.6%) | 12 (8.8%) | 0.003 |
C0PD | 30 (12.4%) | 10 (7.9%) | 0.18 | 34 (13.9%) | 16 (12.2%) | 0.64 | 34 (14.0%) | 16 (11.7%) | 0.52 |
Preoperative CCS | |||||||||
none | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.14 | 2 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.02 | 2 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
Class I | 42 (17.6%) | 24 (18.6%) | 34 (13.9%) | 32 (24.4%) | 41 (17.2%) | 28 (20.6%) | |||
Class II | 61 (25.5%) | 45 (34.9%) | 74 (30.3%) | 47 (35.9%) | 46 (19.3%) | 49 (36.0%) | |||
Class III | 68 (28.5%) | 33 (25.6%) | 75 (30.7%) | 29 (22.1%) | 83 (34.9%) | 45 (33.1%) | |||
Class IV | 68 (28.5%) | 26 (20.2%) | 59 (24.2%) | 23 (17.6%) | 66 (27.7%) | 14 (10.3%) | |||
NYHA | |||||||||
Class I | 22 (17.9%) | 21 (19.4%) | 0.21 | 25 (29.2%) | 25 (24.0%) | 0.31 | 30 (23.8%) | 22 (21.2%) | 0.03 |
Class II | 33 (26.8%) | 40 (37.0%) | 42 (32.3%) | 39 (37.5%) | 26 (20.6%) | 33 (31.7%) | |||
Class III | 44 (35.8%) | 26 (24.1%) | 37 (28.5%) | 19 (18.3%) | 38 (30.2%) | 37 (35.6%) | |||
Class IV | 24 (19.5%) | 21 (19.4%) | 26 (20.0%) | 21 (20.2%) | 32 (25.4%) | 12 (11.5%) | |||
Ejection Fraction (%) | 39.8 ± 12.1 | 41.0 ± 10.8 | 0.32 | 39.1 ± 12.1 | 41.6 ± 10.4 | 0.04 | 39.3 ± 12.8 | 41.2 ± 12.4 | 0.17 |
Preoperative laboratory values | |||||||||
Leukocyte (k/cc) | 7.42 ± 2.31 | 7.20 ± 2.03 | 0.37 | 8.09 ± 2.22 | 7.61 ± 2.20 | 0.05 | 9.70 ± 3.13 | 8.87 ± 2.71 | 0.01 |
Neutrophils (k/cc) | 4.06 ± 1.35 | 3.94 ± 1.29 | 0.40 | 5.28 ± 1.55 | 4.97 ± 1.51 | 0.06 | 7.45 ± 2.82 | 6.76 ± 2.45 | 0.01 |
Lymphocytes (k/cc) | 2.45 ± 1.10 | 2.40 ± 0.763 | 0.40 | 1.91 ± 0.566 | 1.79 ± 0.533 | 0.06 | 1.35 ± 0.462 | 1.29 ± 0.455 | 0.24 |
Monocytes (k/cc) | 0.62 ± 0.286 | 0.62 ± 0.241 | 0.80 | 0.65 ± 0.263 | 0.60 ± 0.225 | 0.12 | 0.69 ± 0.299 | 0.62 ± 0.237 | 0.02 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.06 ± 0.741 | 1.07 ± 0.983 | 0.99 | 1.14 ± 0.711 | 1.19 ± 1.02 | 0.56 | 1.26 ± 0.61 | 1.18 ± 0.604 | 0.06 |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 124.0 ± 48.9 | 122.4 ± 52.4 | 0.76 | 126.1 ± 49.3 | 110.8 ± 41.6 | 0.002 | 136.2 ± 58.8 | 121.5 ± 46.3 | 0.01 |