Table 1 Patient characteristics and univariate analysis of sternal wound infection
Variable | Sternal infection | Sternal infection | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients | Absent | Present | p value | |
(n = 112) | (n = 92) | (n = 20) | ||
Age | 71.3 ± 11.0 | 71.9 ± 12.6 | 72.5 ± 8.7 | .543 |
Male (%) | 65 (58.0) | 54 (58.7) | 11 (55.0) | .806 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.5 ± 5.0 | 22.7 ± 5.2 | 21.3 ± 4.0 | .199 |
Hypertension (%) | 85 (75.9) | 66 (71.7) | 19 (95.0) | .040 |
Hyperlipidemia (%) | 49 (43.8) | 38 (41.3) | 11 (55.0) | .323 |
Diabetes (%) | 41 (36.7) | 31 (33.7) | 10 (50) | .204 |
Insulin use (%) | 16 (14.4) | 10 (11.0) | 6 (30.0) | .040 |
Renal failure (%) | 57 (50.9) | 49 (53.3) | 8 (40.0) | .330 |
Chronic lung disease (%) | 18 (16.1) | 16 (17.4) | 2 (10.0) | .521 |
Steroid use (%) | 4 (3.6) | 3 (3.3) | 1 (5.0) | .550 |
NYHA class III or IV (%) | 47 (42.0) | 40 (43.4) | 7 (35.0) | .619 |
LVEF, % | 57.7 ± 13.3 | 58.1 ± 13.0 | 55.7 ± 14.4 | .471 |
Coronary disease | 47 (42.0) | 37 (40.2) | 10 (50.0) | .461 |
Pulmonary hypertension | 37 (33.3) | 30 (32.6) | 7 (36.8) | .791 |
Nasal colonization of SA (%) | 7 (6.3) | 4 (4.4) | 3 (15.0) | .107 |
EuroSCORE, % | 8.7 ± 11.0 | 8.9 ± 11.5 | 8.0 ± 8.6 | .936 |
Type of operation | .390 | |||
Coronary bypass | 33 (29.5) | 23 (25.0) | 10 (50.0) | |
Aoric Valve replacement | 16 (14.3) | 15 (16.3) | 1 (5.0) | |
Mitral Valve repair/replacement | 18 (16.1) | 16 (17.4) | 2 (10.0) | |
Double Valve | 4 (3.6) | 3 (3.3) | 1 (5.0) | |
Triple Valve | 8 (7.1) | 7 (7.6) | 1 (5.0) | |
Thoracic aorta | 31 (27.7) | 26 (28.3) | 5 (25.0) | |
Others | 2 (1.8) | 2 (2.2) | 0 | |
Reoperation | 7 (6.3) | 7 (7.6) | 0 | .348 |
Emergency | 25 (22.3) | 23 (25.0) | 2 (10.0) | .235 |
BITA use | 5 (4.5) | 2 (2.2) | 3 (15.0) | .039 |
Prosthetic grafft use | 30 (26.8) | 24 (26.1) | 6 (30.0) | .782 |
Operative time | 352.5 ± 126.8 | 343.8 ± 120.9 | 392.3 ± 148.2 | .192 |
CPB time | 183.7 ± 78.0 | 177.7 ± 71.2 | 215.3 ± 104.6 | .231 |
AC time | 132.0 ± 56.2 | 129.4 ± 55.3 | 147.2 ± 61.4 | .320 |
Prolonged ventilation | 32 (28.6) | 28 (30.4) | 4 (20.0) | .432 |
Sternal reexploration | 8 (7.1) | 6 (6.5) | 2 (10.0) | .632 |
ICU stay | 5.7 ± 6.9 | 5.9 ± 7.3 | 4.7 ± 4.3 | .864 |
Operative mortality | 13 (11.6) | 10 (10.9) | 3 (15.0) | .699 |
Fever elavation > 3 days | 54 (48.2) | 42 (45.7) | 12 (60.0) | .325 |
Postive culture for SA | 18 (16.1) | 6 (6.5) | 12 (60.0) | <.001 |
Postive culture for other organisms | 17 (15.2) | 15 (16.3) | 2 (10.0) | 0.732 |
Repeat bacteremia | 11 (9.8) | 3 (3.3) | 8 (40.0) | <.001 |
WBC (×102/mm3) | 122.2 ± 54.5 | 116.9 ± 51.9 | 146.2 ± 61.2 | .030 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 11.4 ± 8.3 | 10.2 ± 7.5 | 17.0 ± 10.0 | .002 |