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Table 2 erioperative characteristics of the patients

From: New technique of local ischemic preconditioning induction without repetitive aortic cross-clamping in cardiac surgery

Characteristic

Control (n = 30)

Perfusion (n = 30)

IP (n = 30)

Age (years)

55.4 ± 5.2

57.3 ± 5.6

56.6 ± 4.3

Gender (male/female)

5/25

3/27

4/26

Previous myocardial infarction

18 (60%)

20 (67%)

18 (60%)

NYHA class II

21 (70%)

22 (73%)

23 (77%)

NYHA class III

9 (30%)

8 (27%)

7 (23%)

COPD

11 (36%)

10 (33%)

9 (30%)

PAD

5 (17%)

6 (20%)

5 (17%)

CPB time (min)

86 ± 28

98 ± 29

89 ± 32

Aortic cross-clamping time (min)

48 ± 16

49 ± 19

52 ± 23

Total duration of cardioplegia (min)

9.8 ± 2.5

9.8 ± 3.2

9.9 ± 3.6

Number of distal anastomoses

3.2 ± 0.8

3.2 ± 0.5

3.4 ± 0.7

Graft material (LIMA/saphenous vein/radial artery) (%)

100/100/13.3

100/100/13.3

100/100/16.7

Duration of mechanical ventilation (h)

14 ± 6

14 ± 4

12 ± 3

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation. COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPB – cardiopulmonary bypass; IP – local ischemic preconditioning; LIMA – left interior mammary artery; NYHA – New York Heart Association; PAD – peripheral arterial disease.