Fig. 3
From: Video-assisted thoracoscpic muscle transposition for acute empyema
a A bulla covering the alveolarpleural fistula (APF) identified at the lateral aspect of the right upper lobe (white arrow). b The dissected bulla, exposing the APF (black arrow). c The LDM flap sewn onto the covered area with 9 sutures, and transposed to the empyema cavity through mini-thoracotomy at the third intercostal space. d Completed LDM flap transposition