Table 1 Baseline data of the VATS and thoracotomy groups

Age

 Mean ± SD

9.80 ± 5.50

11.16 ± 6.34

 Range

4 ~ 15

5 ~ 18

0.397

Ethnicity

 Han

9

8

 Minority

35

20

0.429

Lesion site

 Unilateral

40

25

 Bilateral

4

3

0.821

Casoni test

 Positive

36

23

 Negative

5

4

0.755

Body mass index (kg/m2)

25.35 ± 3.15

25.65 ± 4.30

0.367

Diameter of lesion (cm)

3.20 ± 0.13

3.25 ± 0.35

0.196

Operation time (min)

99.90 ± 10.70

114.45 ± 15.20

0.143

Blood loss levels (ml)

8.80 ± 1.40

18.30 ± 3.46

0.001^a

Hospital stay (d)

10.50 ± 1.20

17.30 ± 2.75

0.001^a

Course of disease (months)

2.72 ± 1.20

2.19 ± 2.17

0.095

Pain scores

1.12 ± 0.52

1.69 ± 0.60

0.001^a

Intubation indwelling time(d)

2.11 ± 0.16

5.32 ± 1.01

0.001^a

complication incidence (%)

9.1(4/44)

17.9(5/28)

0.273

Recurrence (n)

3

2

0.958

Hospitalization costs (RMB/Thousand)

8.22 ± 1.66

11.52 ± 3.74

0.001^a