Skip to main content

Table 2 In-hospital outcomes

From: Impact of prophylactic administration of Levosimendan on short-term and long-term outcome in high-risk patients with severely reduced left-ventricular ejection fraction undergoing cardiac surgery – a retrospective analysis

 

Matched study population

Parameter

LS +

n = 82

LS -

n = 164

p-value

Medical circulatory support

 • Epinephrine required; n (%)

68 (83)

112 (68)

<0.001

 • Duration Epinephrine [h]; median (IQR)

19 (4.5–65)

10 (0–38)

0.01

 • Nordrenaline required; n (%)

79 (96)

149 (91)

0.058

 • Duration Nordrenaline [h]; median (IQR)

35 (15–68)

20 (11–47)

0.005

 • Dobutamine required; n (%)

41 (50)

85 (52)

0.68

 • Duration Dobutamine [h]; median (IQR)

25 (9–64)

12 (8–36)

0.83

 • Milrinone required; n (%)

10 (12)

23 (14)

0.73

 • Duration Milrinone [h]; median (IQR)

0.5 (0–14)

2.3 (0–18)

0.328

Mechanical circulatory support

 IABP insertion; n (%)

 • Intraoperatively

9 (11)

8 (4.9)

0.072

 • Postoperatively

8 (9.8)

2 (1.2)

0.003

Duration IABP support [h]; median (IQR)

51 (40–73)

57 (26–75)

0.30

ECLS implantation; n (%)

6 (7.3)

6 (3.7)

0.40

Renal function

 Postoperative GFR [ml/min.]; mean (95%-CI)

68 (50–86)

70 (60–81)

0.48

 Postoperative GFR/preoperative GFR [ml/min.]; mean (95%-CI)

1.0 (0.9–1.1)

1.0 (0.9–1.1)

0.47

Acute kidney injury; n (%)

 • AKIN I

14 (17)

37 (23)

0.22

 • AKIN II

0

6 (3.7)

 • AKIN III

6 (7.3)

6 (3.7)

 New onset chronic dialysis; n (%)

1 (1.2)

3 (1.8)

1.00

Cardiac Injury

 AF within 24h post-OP; n (%)

62 (76)

72 (44)

<0.0001

 CK until POD4 [U/l]; mean (95%-CI)

712 (368–1056)

619 (400–839)

0.402

 CKMB until POD4 [U/l]; mean (95%-CI)

47 (23–72)

41 (29–54)

0.17

Length of stay

 Postoperative LOS ICU [h]; median (IQR)

150 (71–200)

139 (67–168)

0.047

 Postoperative LOS total [d]; median (IQR)

10 (8.0–13)

11 (7.0–14)

0.94

  1. Comparison between patients who received prophylactic LS and patients who did not. Patients in the LS group show increased need for medical and mechanical circulatory support (IABP) as well as an increased rate of postoperative atrial fibrillation, resulting in a prolonged demand for intensive care
  2. Abbreviations: AF Atrial fibrillation, AKIN Acute kidney injury network, CK Creatinkinase, CKMB Creatinkinase, isoform MB, CRP C-reactive protein, ECLS Extracorporeal life support, IABP Intra-aortic balloon pump, LOS Length of stay, LS Levosimendan, POD post-operative day, WBC White blood cell count