Table 4 Hospital outcome
Overall (N = 180) | TA-TAVI (N = 90) | TF-TAVI (N = 90) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hospital mortality | 17 (9%) | 8 (9%) | 9 (10%) | 0.799* |
Cause of death | ||||
Respiratory failure | 3 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Cardiac tamponade for annulus rupture | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | |
Valve migration | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | |
Myocardial infarction | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
Heart failure | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | |
Sudden death | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
Cardiac arrest | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | |
Life-threatening bleeding | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
Multiple organ failure | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
Disabling stroke | 4 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 3 (3%) | |
Complications | ||||
Major vascular complications (including access related vascular complication, aortic rupture and dissection, leg ischemia) | 13 (7%) | 3 (3%) | 10 (11%) | 0.081 |
Valve migration | 3 (2%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 1 |
Major/life-threatening bleeding (including cardiac tamponade for aortic rupture or ventricular tear) | 7 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (4%) | 1 |
Disabling Stroke | 5 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 1 |
Coronary occlusion | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 |
Bailout Sapien-in-Sapien for stent-valve migration or malpositioning | 7 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (4%) | 1 |
Pneumonia | 6 (3%) | 5 (6%) | 1 (1%) | 0.211 |
Rethoracotomy for bleeding (TA)/pericardial drainage for tamponade (TF) | 5 (3%) | 3 (3%) | 2 (2%) | 1 |
Postoperative acute renal failure | 4 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 1 (1%) | 0.621 |
Dialysis | 3 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.246 |
New pacemaker for conduction abnormality | 7 (4%) | 2 (2%) | 5 (6%) | 0.444 |
Conversion to sternotomy | 2 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.497 |
Bailout cardiopulmonary bypass | 4 (2%) | 4 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.121 |
Early extubation | 123 (68%) | 40 (44%) | 83 (92%) | <0.001* |
Intensive Care Unit stay (days) | 1.4 ± 4.1 (median:0) | 2.6 ± 5.5 (median:1) | 0.2 ± 0.7 (median:0) | <0.001 |
Hospital stay (days) | 11.7 ± 9.1 (median:9) | 13.9 ± 9.5 (median:10) | 9.4 ± 8.2 (median:8) | <0.001 |
Postoperative peak gradient (mmHg) | 17.6 ± 9.5 | 16.7 ± 9.4 | 18.5 ± 9.5 | 0.219 |
Postoperative mean gradient (mmHg) | 9.5 ± 5.3 | 9.2 ± 5.1 | 9.7 ± 5.5 | 0.563 |
Paravalvular leak: mild to severe | 28 (16%) | 5 (6%) | 23 (26%) | <0.001* |
Trace of paravalvular leak | 48 (27%) | 15 (17%) | 33 (37%) | |
Mild paravalvular leak | 25 (14%) | 5 (5%) | 20 (22%) | |
Moderate paravalvular leak | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | |
Severe paravalvular leak | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) | |