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Fig. 3 | Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Fig. 3

From: Near-infrared dye marking for thoracoscopic resection of small-sized pulmonary nodules: comparison of percutaneous and bronchoscopic injection techniques

Fig. 3

Near-infrared fluorescence marked VATS wedge resection. a: computed tomography (CT) scan was performed after a bronchoscopic marking procedure to confirm the marked position. The indocyanine green (ICG)/iopamidol marking dye (green arrow) was injected into a 3 cm dorsal point of the target nodule (red arrow) in the same axial slice of the CT image. b: A three-dimensional CT image was constructed to assess the position of both the target pulmonary nodule (red arrow) and the ICG/iopamidol marker (green arrow) in the right anterior basal segment. c: During the surgery, ICG fluorescence was detected by the PINPOINT® (Novadaq) endoscopic fluorescence imaging system, and the pulmonary nodule was excised by cutting between the ICG-fluorescence marker and the anterior edge of the basal segment. PINPOINT® visualises white light images without infrared (on the left top), infrared signal only (on the left middle), and a hybrid mode with both the infrared signal and the white light image together (on the bottom left and right)

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