Table 2 Baseline patient characteristics
Covariate | All patients (N = 7774) | No bleeding (N = 7254) | Bleeding (N = 520) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | |||
•18–45 | 293 (4%) | 278 (4%) | 15 (3%) |
•46–64 | 2187 (28%) | 2063 (28%) | 124 (24%) |
•65 or older | 5294 (68%) | 4913 (68%) | 381 (73%) |
Gender | |||
•Male | 5596 (72%) | 5244 (72%) | 352 (68%) |
•Female | 2178 (28%) | 2010 (28%) | 168 (32%) |
Surgery type | |||
•Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | 3963 (51%) | 3762 (52%) | 201 (38%) |
•Valve replacement/repair | 2363 (30%) | 2224 (31%) | 139 (27%) |
•Aortic procedure | 160 (2%) | 136 (2%) | 24 (5%) |
•Multiple procedures | 1288 (17%) | 1132 (16%) | 156 (30%) |
Cardiopulmonary bypass | |||
•Yes | 6447 (83%) | 6012 (83%) | 435 (84%) |
•No | 1327 (17%) | 1242 (17%) | 85 (16%) |
Admission type | |||
•Elective | 5400 (69%) | 5099 (70%) | 301 (58%) |
•Non-elective/emergency | 917 (12%) | 831 (11%) | 86 (17%) |
•Transferred from another hospital | 1457 (19%) | 1324 (18%) | 133 (26%) |
Health conditions† | |||
•Myocardial infarction | 1819 (23%) | 1679 (23%) | 140 (27%) |
•Congestive heart failure | 1872 (24%) | 1707 (24%) | 165 (32%) |
•Cerebrovascular disease | 456 (6%) | 419 (6%) | 37 (7%) |
•Peripheral vascular disease | 1431 (18%) | 1287 (18%) | 144 (28%) |
•Diabetes | 1951 (25%) | 1842 (25%) | 109 (21%) |
•Chronic pulmonary disease | 1559 (20%) | 1463 (20%) | 96 (18%) |
•Renal disease | 1003 (13%) | 902 (12%) | 101 (19%) |
•Anemia | 287 (4%) | 265 (4%) | 22 (4%) |
Medication use† | |||
•Antiplatelet drugs | 4681 (60%) | 4382 (60%) | 299 (58%) |
•Oral anticoagulant drugs | 1001 (13%) | 936 (13%) | 65 (13%) |
•Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) | 448 (6%) | 428 (6%) | 20 (4%) |
•Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) | 588 (8%) | 554 (8%) | 34 (7%) |
•Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) | 94 (1%) | 89 (1%) | 5 (1%) |
Healthcare utilization† | |||
•Hospitalization | 2968 (38%) | 2725 (38%) | 243 (47%) |
• ≥ 11 primary care encounters | 3779 (49%) | 3548 (49%) | 231 (44%) |
• ≥ 6 distinct prescription medications | 2319 (30%) | 2157 (30%) | 162 (31%) |