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Table 1 Characteristics of the study patients at baseline

From: Cardiopulmonary bypass time is an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury in emergent thoracic aortic surgery: a retrospective cohort study

Variables

All patients (n = 115)

Age (year)

47.8 ± 10.7

Gender

 male

86 (74.8%)

 female

29 (25.2%)

BMI (kg/m2)

26.2 ± 3.9

Diabetes mellitus

7 (6.1%)

Hypertension

92 (80.0%)

Previous cerebrovascular disease

6 (5.2%)

Coronary artery disease

6 (5.2%)

Smoking history

56 (48.7%)

Drinking history

23 (20.0%)

Hemopericardium

19 (16.5%)

BUN (mmol/L)

7.2 ± 2.5

Preoperative sCr (umol/L)

86.2 ± 29.1

eGFR mL/(min·1.73m2)

88.6 ± 22.6

Hemoglobin (g/L)

136.5 ± 17.3

Hematocrit (%)

39.4 ± 4.6

LVEF (%)

62.9 ± 6.0

Renal artery dissection or occlusion

17 (14.8%)

Penn class

 Class Aa

70 (60.9%)

 Non class Aa

45 (39.1%)

Kidney malperfusion

7 (6.1%)

AMI

9 (7.8%)

Preoperative shock

19 (16.5%)

CPB time (min)

211 ± 56

Aortic cross clamp time (min)

123.8 ± 42.6

Circulatory arrest time (min)

27.4 ± 8.5

Bentall+TAR+FET

47 (40.9%)

Combined with CABG

8 (7.0%)

Combined with aortic bypass surgery

1 (0.9%)

Nasopharyngeal temperature (°C) at circulatory arrest

22.9 ± 1.6

Rectal temperature (°C) at circulatory arrest

25.3 ± 2.1

Intraoperative transfusion of PRBCs

73 (63.5%)

AKI

61 (53.0%)

Reoperation for bleeding

9 (7.8%)

Postoperative dialysis

23 (20.0%)

Sepsis

17 (14.8%)

Length of in hospital (day)

14.0 (10.0–18.0)

Length of ICU (day)

3.0 (1.0–6.2)

In-hospital mortality

9 (7.8%)

  1. Results are expressed as n (%) or mean ± SD or median [IQR]
  2. AKI acute kidney injury, ADTIAD acute DeBakey Type I aortic dissection, AMI acute myocardial infarction, BMI body mass index, BUN blood urea nitrogen, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FET frozen elephant trunk, TAR total arch replacement, ICU intensive care unit, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, PRBCs packed red blood cells, sCr serum creatinine, SD standard deviation, IOR interquartile range