Table 3 Estimated average changes in ROTEM values after four waves of interventions (blood product transfusions)
From: Interval changes in ROTEM values during cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery patients
Outcome | Intervention | Na | Age Group | Estimated ROTEM Values | pb,c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before (95% CI) | After (95% CI) | Change (95% CI) | |||||
HEPTEM CT (sec) | Intervention I | 266 | 90 days or less | 223.2 (202.0, 244.5) | 323.1 (295.9, 350.4) | 99.9 (64.0, 135.8) | < 0.001 |
Intervention II | 206 | 305.9 (282.3, 329.4) | 221.8 (175.3, 268.3) | −84.0 (−161.1, −7.0) | 0.021 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 231.5 (185.4, 277.5) | 466.3 (382.7, 550.0) | 234.9 (89.9, 379.8) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 189 | 444.2 (345.7, 542.7) | 291.9 (221.9, 361.9) | −152.3 (−265.6, −39.0) | 0.001 | ||
Intervention I | 266 | Older than 90 days to 2 years | 210.2 (187.5, 232.9) | 293.7 (272.1, 315.3) | 83.5 (66.8, 100.3) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 206 | 280.0 (266.9, 293.2) | 207.3 (194.9, 219.7) | −72.7 (−90.8, −54.6) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 217.1 (199.7, 234.5) | 298.1 (269.2, 327.0) | 81.0 (51.1, 110.9) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 189 | 294.8 (201.3, 388.2) | 279.4 (176.5, 382.2) | −15.4 (−100.6, 69.8) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention I | 266 | Older than 2 years | 186.1 (166.2, 206.1) | 218.3 (191.9, 244.7) | 32.2 (−5.3, 69.6) | 0.175 | |
Intervention II | 206 | 242.7 (219.9, 265.4) | 207.3 (194.9, 219.7) | −20.7 (−66.7, 25.4) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 222.5 (204.7, 240.4) | 238.9 (217.5, 260.3) | 16.4 (−5.3, 38.1) | 0.401 | ||
Intervention IV | 189 | 267.8 (159.1, 376.4) | 223.9 (122.0, 325.9) | −43.8 (−76.1, −11.5) | 0.001 | ||
HEPTEM MCF (mm) | Intervention I | 266 | 90 days or less | 62.2 (58.6, 65.7) | 30.1 (26.5, 33.7) | −32.1 (−35.3, −28.8) | < 0.001 |
Intervention II | 205 | 32.8 (30.1, 35.5) | 58.0 (55.3, 60.7) | 25.2 (21.5, 29.0) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 57.0 (53.5, 60.6) | 55.2 (51.0, 59.3) | −1.9 (−6.8, 3.1) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 54.7 (47.6, 61.8) | 58.7 (52.0, 65.5) | 4.0 (−1.8, 9.9) | 0.659 | ||
Intervention I | 266 | Older than 90 days to 2 years | 59.9 (56.4, 63.5) | 36.6 (33.1, 40.2) | −23.3 (−25.5, −21.1) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 205 | 38.7 (36.6, 40.8) | 56.0 (53.7, 58.4) | 17.3 (13.8, 20.9) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 55.0 (51.8, 58.3) | 55.6 (52.2, 59.0) | 0.6 (−2.5, 3.7) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 56.4 (49.6, 63.2) | 58.3 (50.9, 65.7) | 1.9 (−3.8, 7.6) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention I | 266 | Older than 2 years | 59.7 (56.3, 63.1) | 47.0 (42.4, 51.6) | −12.7 (−18.3, −7.2) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 205 | 44.3 (40.6, 48.0) | 51.0 (40.6, 61.4) | 6.7 (−10.4, 23.8) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 52.6 (45.2, 60.0) | 50.4 (46.6, 54.2) | −2.2 (−12.1, 7.8) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 53.2 (45.5, 61.0) | 57.1 (49.3, 64.8) | 3.9 (−0.9, 8.6) | 0.250 | ||
FIBTEM MCF (mm) | Intervention I | 255 | 90 days or less | 17.0 (13.2, 20.8) | 3.7 (0.3, 7.0) | −13.3 (− 15.9, − 10.7) | < 0.001 |
Intervention II | 196 | 4.3 (3.4, 5.3) | 8.5 (7.2, 9.8) | 4.2 (2.6, 5.7) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 8.2 (6.7, 9.7) | 10.6 (9.1, 12.1) | 2.4 (0.9, 3.9) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 190 | 10.4 (8.8, 12.0) | 12.5 (10.8, 14.2) | 2.1 (−0.7, 4.9) | 0.396 | ||
Intervention I | 255 | Older than 90 days to 2 years | 15.1 (11.0, 19.2) | 4.3 (0.8, 7.7) | −10.9 (−13.1, −8.6) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 196 | 4.6 (3.8, 5.5) | 8.3 (7.4, 9.1) | 3.6 (2.8, 4.4) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 7.9 (6.8, 9.0) | 10.1 (8.9, 11.3) | 2.2 (1.0, 3.4) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 190 | 10.2 (8.5, 11.9) | 11.7 (9.6, 13.8) | 1.5 (−0.7, 3.7) | 0.736 | ||
Intervention I | 255 | Older than 2 years | 12.8 (9.2, 16.5) | 6.8 (3.8, 9.7) | −6.1 (− 8.5, −3.7) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 196 | 6.2 (4.8, 7.6) | 7.0 (4.5, 9.5) | 0.8 (− 3.8, 5.4) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention III | 219 | 7.5 (5.8, 9.3) | 10.9 (9.5, 12.3) | 3.4 (0.9, 5.9) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 190 | 11.2 (9.3, 13.1) | 9.6 (7.5, 11.6) | −1.6 (−4.3, 1.0) | 1.000 | ||
HEPTEM α (°)b | Intervention I | 265 | 90 days or less | 77.0 (73.7, 79.7) | 36.6 (31.2, 42.2) | −40.4 (−50.4, −30.5) | < 0.001 |
Intervention II | 204 | 42.1 (37.8, 46.4) | 74.9 (72.1, 77.4) | 32.9 (23.2, 42.5) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 72.8 (69.8, 75.4) | 63.9 (60.0, 67.4) | −8.9 (−15.0, −2.8) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 64.4 (57.6, 70.3) | 70.2 (64.0, 75.2) | 5.7 (0.3, 11.2) | 0.038 | ||
Intervention I | 265 | Older than 90 days to 2 years | 75.0 (71.4, 78.0) | 49.5 (43.7, 55.1) | −25.5 (−32.8, −18.3) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 204 | 54.0 (50.5, 57.3) | 74.9 (72.4, 77.1) | 20.9 (13.9, 28.0) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 72.4 (69.7, 74.8) | 67.9 (64.7, 70.8) | −4.5 (−8.2, −0.8) | < 0.001 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 67.8 (61.1, 73.3) | 68.7 (61.6, 74.5) | 0.9 (−1.2, 3.0) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention I | 265 | Older than 2 years | 73.4 (69.6, 76.7) | 61.3 (55.1, 66.9) | −12.1 (− 19.5, −4.8) | < 0.001 | |
Intervention II | 204 | 57.4 (51.2, 63.1) | 69.8 (57.0, 78.6) | 12.4 (−3.3, 28.1) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention III | 217 | 68.6 (56.9, 77.1) | 65.3 (61.9, 68.3) | −3.4 (−9.0, 2.3) | 1.000 | ||
Intervention IV | 188 | 66.1 (58.5, 72.4) | 69.8 (62.8, 75.4) | 3.7 (−1.0, 8.4) | 1.000 | ||