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Table 3 Postoperative Outcomes (Unmatched)

From: Active clearance of chest tubes is associated with reduced postoperative complications and costs after cardiac surgery: a propensity matched analysis

Variable (mean or mean, n, %)

P0 (n = 302)

P2 (n = 337)

p value

RB (composite)

72 (24%)

31 (9.2%)

< 0.001

Re-exploration

6 (2%)

3 (0.89%)

0.32

Pleural Intervention-Percutaneous

69 (23%)

25 (7.4%)

< 0.001

Pleural Intervention- Surgical

2 (0.66%)

1 (0.3%)

0.6

Pericardial Intervention

4 (1.3%)

4 (1.2%)

1

# Pleural Effusion drained

168

59

0.001

POAF

93 (37%) (n = 251)

67 (25%) (n = 270)

0.0032

Cardiac arrest

8 (2.6%)

8 (2.4%)

1

Postoperative blood products used

72 (24%)

61 (18%)

0.079

CTO (mL) first 24 h

740 [561.3–975]

680 [532–910]

0.016

Total CTO (mL)

1136 [834.3–1645]

1040 [760–1430]

0.041

Total CT (days)

3 [3–4]

2 [2–2]

< 0.001

Infection (any)

39 (13%)

14 (4.2%)

< 0.001

Surgical site deep

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1

Surgical site superficial

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1

Surgical site mediastinitis

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1

Pneumonia

20 (6.6%)

6 (1.8%)

0.0022

Septicemia

4 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

0.049

UTI

11 (3.6%)

4 (1.2%)

0.064

C. Diff

3 (0.99%)

2 (0.59%)

0.67

Highest postop- creatinine

1.1 [0.905–1.4]

1 [0.83–1.33]

< 0.001

AKI Stage 1

85 (28%) (n = 299)

67 (20%) (n = 332)

0.02

AKI Stage 2

8 (2.7%)

8 (2.4%)

1

AKI Stage 3

4 (1.3%)

3 (0.9%)

0.71

Postop-renal dialysis

7 (2.3%)

2 (0.59%)

0.092

Stroke

2 (0.66%)

4 (1.2%)

0.69

Mortality

7 (2.3%)

9 (2.7%)

0.81

  1. Abbreviations: Retained Blood (RB), Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF); Chest tube output (CTO); Chest tube (CT), Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Clostridium difficile (C.Diff), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)