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Table 3 Bleeding and transfusion outcomes

From: Effect of ulinastatin on post-operative blood loss and allogeneic transfusion in patients receiving cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a prospective randomized controlled study with 10-year follow-up

 

Ulinastatin group

(n = 142)

Tranexamic acid group

(n = 143)

Placebo group

(n = 141)

P

Bleeding

 Blood loss within 8 h postoperatively (ml)

404.87 ± 253.58

380.56 ± 274.3

527.73 ± 300.4

< 0.001

 Blood loss 9–16 h postoperatively (ml)

183.94 ± 151.83

165.28 ± 98.02

205.57 ± 129.57

0.004

 Blood loss 17–24 h postoperatively (ml)

99.58 ± 94.75

91.08 ± 61.64

121.03 ± 101.62

0.034

 Blood loss within 24 h postoperatively (ml)

688.39 ± 393.55

636.92 ± 368.87

854.33 ± 434.03

< 0.001

 Blood loss beyond 25 h postoperatively (ml)

113.31 ± 108.77

111.64 ± 97.73

162.34 ± 176.69

0.096

 Blood loss totality postoperatively (ml)

801.7 ± 460.14

748.57 ± 409.53

1016.67 ± 529.08

< 0.001

 Major bleeding, n (%)

52 (36.62%)

42 (29.37%)

66 (46.81%)

0.010

 Reoperation, n (%)

1 (0.7%)

0 (0%)

6 (4.26%)

0.011

Allogenic transfusion

 Red blood cells (unit)

2.57 ± 3.15

2.15 ± 2.7

3.73 ± 4.21

0.002

 Plasma (unit)

279.61 ± 439.44

172.03 ± 298.92

382.98 ± 530.49

0.002

 Platelets (unit)

0.01 ± 0.12

0.03 ± 0.2

0.06 ± 0.26

0.160

Patients exposed to allogenic blood products

 Red blood cells, n (%)

83 (58.45%)

79 (55.24%)

98 (69.50%)

0.036

 Plasma, n (%)

61 (42.96%)

49 (34.27%)

71 (50.35%)

0.023

 Platelets, n (%)

2 (1.41%)

3 (2.10%)

7 (4.96%)

0.159

 Any, n (%)

97 (68.31%)

87 (60.84%)

104 (73.76%)

0.065

 

Ulinastatin vs. Tranexamic acid

Ulinastatin vs. Placebo

Tranexamic acid vs. Placebo

 

RD (95%CI) or MD (95%CI)

RR (95%CI)

P.

RD (95%CI) or MD (95%CI)

RR (95%CI)

P

RD (95%CI) or MD (95%CI)

RR (95%CI)

P

Bleeding

 Blood loss within 8 h postoperatively (ml)

24.31 (−37.30,85.91)

–

0.148

−122.86 (−195.87,-49.86)

–

< 0.001

− 147.17 (− 220.05,-74.30)

–

< 0.001

 Blood loss 9–16 h postoperatively (ml)

18.66 (− 11.11,48.44)

–

0.507

−21.63 (−55.49,12.22)

–

0.016

−40.29 (−74.09,-6.50)

–

0.001

 Blood loss 17–24 h postoperatively (ml)

8.49 (−10.13,27.12)

–

0.913

−21.45 (−44.58,1.68)

–

0.029

−29.94 (−53.03,-6.85)

–

0.020

 Blood loss within 24 h postoperatively (ml)

51.46 (−37.47,140.40)

 

0.257

−165.95 (− 262.88,-69.01)

 

< 0.001

− 217.41 (− 311.45,-123.37)

 

< 0.001

 Blood loss beyond 25 h postoperatively (ml)

1.66 (−22.44,25.77)

–

0.951

−49.03 (−83.92,-14.15)

–

0.060

−50.70 (−85.52,-15.87)

–

0.062

 Blood loss totality postoperatively (ml)

53.13 (−48.42,154.68)

–

0.463

− 214.98 (−338.60,-91.36)

–

< 0.001

− 268.11 (− 391.51,-144.70)

–

< 0.001

 Major bleeding (person)

0.0725 (− 0.0364,0.181)

1.25 (0.893,1.74)

0.193

− 0.102 (− 0.216,0.0124)

0.782 (0.592,1.03)

0.082

− 0.174 (− 0.286,-0.0632)

0.628 (0.460,0.855)

0.002

 Reoperation (person)

0.0070 (− 0.0067,0.0208)

3.02 (0.124,73.5)

0.315

−0.0355 (− 0.0716,0.0005)

0.166 (0.0202,1.36)

0.055

− 0.0426 (− 0.0759,-0.0092)

0.0759 (0.0043,1.33)

0.012

Allogenic transfusion

 Red blood cells (unit)

0.42 (−0.26,1.10)

–

0.330

−1.16 (− 2.06,-0.26)

–

0.016

−1.58 (− 2.48,-0.69)

–

0.001

 Plasma (unit)

107.58 (20.00,195.16)

–

0.052

−103.37 (− 217.62,10.88)

–

0.113

− 210.95 (− 325.00,-96.90)

–

0.001

 Platelets (unit)

− 0.01(− 0.05,0.02)

–

0.656

−0.04(− 0.10,0.011)

–

0.088

−0.03(− 0.08,0.02)

–

0.195

Patients exposed to allogenic blood products

 Red blood cells (person)

0.0321 (−0.0829,0.147)

1.058 (0.864,1.30)

0.585

−0.111 (− 0.222,0.0006)

0.841 (0.705,1.00)

0.053

−0.143 (− 0.254,-0.031)

0.795 (0.662,0.955)

0.013

 Plasma (person)

0.0869 (−0.0257,0.200)

1.254 (0.933,1.69)

0.132

−0.0740 (− 0.190,0.0420)

0.853 (0.664,1.10)

0.212

−0.161 (− 0.274,-0.048)

0.681 (0.514,0.900)

0.006

 Platelets (person)

−0.0069 (− 0.0373,0.0236)

0.671 (0.114,3.96)

0.658

−0.0356 (− 0.0763,0.0052)

0.284 (0.0600,1.34)

0.088

− 0.0287 (− 0.0715,0.0142)

0.423 (0.112,1.60)

0.190

 Any (person)

0.0747 (−0.0360,0.185)

1.12 (0.945,1.34)

0.187

−0.0545 (− 0.160,0.0510)

0.926 (0.798,1.08)

0.312

−0.129 (− 0.237,-0.0212)

0.825 (0.700,0.972)

0.020