Table 1 Difficult removal of the Swan-Ganz catheter
From: Difficult removal: a Swan-Ganz catheter coiled on the central venous catheter
Cause | Treatment scheme | Citation |
|---|---|---|
Knot | Retrieval of a knotted Swan-Ganz catheter using an interventional approach. | Shang et al., 2016 [2] |
Removal of the knotted Swan-Ganz catheter by using transesophageal echocardiography. | Yuan et al., 2010 [3] | |
Attempts to open the knot percutaneously using a radiological approach failed; the knotted catheter was extracted with surgery. | Chemchik H et al., 2013 [4] | |
Kink | The catheter was pushed into the right ventricle, providing more room for the catheter to unfurl and allowing for the removal of the Swan-Ganz catheter. | Manoj et al., 2018 [5] |
Under direct fluoroscopic guidance, the interventional radiologist uncoiled the catheter by applying slow sustained traction on both the Cordis and Swan-Ganz catheters. Once the coil of the Swan-Ganz catheter approached the end of the Cordis catheter, both catheters were removed successfully simultaneously causing the coil to unwrap. | James et al., 2012 [6] |