Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery vs Thoracotomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Greater Than 5 cm: Is VATS a feasible approach for large tumors?

Table 5 Results of multivariate Cox regression model of overall survival

Covariates	Coefficient	Standard error	P-value	Hazard ratio	95% Cl
Age	0.036	0.049	0.457	1.037	0.942–1.141
Gender (0: Male, 1: Female)	-12.569	695.002	0.986	0.000	0.000
FEV1	-3.873	2.953	0.190	0.021	0.000–6.781
Tumor size	-0.259	0.205	0.205	0.771	0.516–1.153
Approach (0: VATS, 1: Thoracotomy)	0.496	0.936	0.064	1.609	0.978–3.812
Stage (0: II, 1: III)	-0.562	1.070	0.599	0.570	0.070–4.638
Disease free interval	-0.165	0.052	0.002	0.848	0.765–0.939
Pathological subtype			0.044
Squamous cell ca	Ref
Adeno ca	-2.655	1.157	0.022	0.070	0.007–0.679
Large cell ca	-2.099	1.532	0.171	0.123	0.006–2.469
Comorbidity			0.409
Coronary artery disease	1.141	1.582	0.470	3.132	0.141–69.567
Diabetes mellitus	2.889	1.734	0.096	17.977	0.601–537.679
COPD	-2.106	1.899	0.267	0.122	0.003–5.034
Hypertension	-12.212	850.563	0.989	0.00	0.000-
Time interval between surgery and adjuvant therapy	0.058	0.034	0.049	1.059	0.991–1.132

FEV Forced expiratory volume, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cl Confidence Interval, Ref Reference variable

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