Table 2 MV pathology and echocardiographic parameters and procedural details
From: Comparison of flexible, open with semi-rigid, closed annuloplasty-rings for mitral valve repair
OA (n = 528) | CA (n = 592) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
% | % | p-value | |
MV pathologies | |||
Functional | 7.4 | 6.4 | 0.523 |
Degenerative | 92.6 | 93.5 | |
Acute endocarditis | 2.5 | 1.9 | 0.486 |
Annulus dilatation | 94.9 | 96.6 | 0.148 |
Annulus calcification | 3.6 | 4.1 | 0.692 |
AML prolapse | 19.1 | 23.6 | 0.066 |
AML flail | 5.1 | 6.8 | 0.247 |
PML prolapse | 71.4 | 68.9 | 0.365 |
PML flail | 51.7 | 46.6 | 0.089 |
Chordae elongation | 22.5 | 28.4 | 0.025 |
Restrictive leaflet | 3.0 | 3.4 | 0.742 |
MV stenosis | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.671 |
MV insufficiency ≥ grade II | 99.6 | 99.3 | 0.690 |
Echocardiographic parameters | Median [IQR] | Median [IQR] | |
LVEF, % | 60.0 [55.0–63.0] | 60.0 [55.0–64.0] | 0.660 |
LVEDD (mm) | 55.0 [51.0–59.0] | 56.0 [52.0–60.0] | 0.003 |
LVESD (mm) | 35.0 [31.0–39.0] | 36.0 [32.0–41.0] | 0.001 |
Left atrial diameter (mm) | 52.0 [46.0–59.0] | 55.0 [47.0–63.0] | 0.002 |
Right atrial diameter (mm) | 45.0 [38.0–52.0] | 47.0 [39.0–53.0] | 0.016 |
Mitral opening (mm) | 3.7 [3.1–4.6] | 4.1 [3.4–4.8] | 0.021 |
PISA radius (mm) | 1.0 [1.0–1.3] | 1.2 [1.0–1.4] | 0.128 |
Vena contracta (mm) | 7.0 [5.0–8.0] | 7.0 [5.0–7.0] | 0.397 |
Procedural details | % | % | |
Operative approach | < 0.001 | ||
MIC | 59.1 | 71.3 | |
CS | 40.9 | 28.7 | |
Mitral valve repair | |||
Triangular resection PML | 16.7 | 15.7 | 0.664 |
Quadr. resection PML | 23.3 | 12.3 | < 0.001 |
AML reconstruction | 12.3 | 22.6 | < 0.001 |
PML reconstruction | 75.4 | 72.1 | 0.218 |
Neo chordae AML | 8.9 | 15.2 | 0.001 |
Neo chordae PML | 29.9 | 35.3 | 0.056 |
Cleft plicatur | 14.2 | 28.2 | < 0.001 |
Annuloplasty ring size | < 0.001 | ||
26–28 | 36.4 | 15.4 | |
30–32 | 40.4 | 38.9 | |
34–36 | 20.9 | 39.1 | |
38–40 | 2.3 | 6.4 | |
Concomitant procedures | |||
Cryoablation | 25.8 | 28.7 | 0.276 |
LAA closure | 26.7 | 24.0 | 0.296 |
Concomitant TVR | 14.8 | 12.0 | 0.168 |
PFO closure | 12.5 | 6.4 | < 0.001 |
ASD closure | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.910 |
Myxom | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.671 |
Times | Median [IQR] | Median [IQR] | |
Procedure time (min) | 185.0 [164.0–215.0] | 195.0 [171.0–230.8] | < 0.001 |
CPB time (min) | 116.0 [97.0–140.0] | 128.0 [106.3–156.0] | < 0.001 |
x-clamp time (min) | 75.0 [63.0–94.0] | 79.0 [64.0–100.0] | 0.074 |
Length of intubation (h) | 10.0 [8.0–14.0] | 10.0 [8.0–13.0] | 0.905 |
Length of ICU (h) | 24.0 [22.0–47.0] | 24.0 [21.0–48.0] | 0.686 |
Length of hospital stay (d) | 10.0 [8.0–13.0] | 10.0 [8.0–13.0] | 0.903 |
% | % | ||
Rate of successful repair a | 88.4 | 90.5 | 0.253 |
MV replacement after repair failure | 11.0 | 9.1 | 0.299 |
Conversion to sternotomy | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.537 |