Risk factors | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95%CI) | p-value | HR (95%CI) | p-value | |
Age (continuous) | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 0.89 | – | – |
Gender (male vs female) | 2.47 (1.22–4.99) | 0.012 | 1.62 (0.74–3.57) | 0.23 |
BMI (continuous) | 0.98 (0.91–1.06) | 0.62 | – | – |
Cardiac comorbidities (none vs yes) | 1.72 (0.80–3.70) | 0.16 | – | – |
Pleural adhesiolysis (none vs yes) | 1.22 (0.57–2.61) | 0.61 | – | – |
Site of resection (upper/middle vs lower) | 3.95 (1.90–8.25) | < 0.001 | 3.10 (1.42–6.78) | 0.004 |
Tumor size (continuous) | 0.99 (0.77–1.28) | 0.96 | – | – |
Tumor histology (adenocarcinoma vs others) | 1.17 (0.57–2.42) | 0.67 | – | – |
N° of resected lymph nodes (continuous) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 0.23 | – | – |
Energy device (ultrasonic vs monopolar) | 0.39 (0.20–0.79) | 0.008 | 0.73 (0.33–1.61) | 0.43 |
Surgery duration (continuous) | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.024 |
Postoperative air-leak> 5 days (none vs yes) | 1.44 (0.64–3.25) | 0.39 | – | – |