Table 1 Baseline characteristics in the development group and validation group
Variable (%) | Development group(n = 1776) | Validation group(n = 395) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PI (n = 580) | non-PI (n = 1196) | P Value | PI (n = 128) | non-PI (n = 267) | P Value | |
Sex | Â | Â | 0.782 | Â | Â | 0.624 |
 Male | 312(53.8) | 635 (53.1) |  | 70 (54.7) | 139 (52.1) |  |
 Female | 268 (46.2) | 561 (46.9) |  | 58 (45.3) | 128 (47.9) |  |
Age (month) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 6 | 110 (19.0) | 65 (5.4) |  | 24 (18.7) | 10 (3.8) |  |
 6–11.99 | 187 (32.2) | 185 (15.5) |  | 34 (26.6) | 46 (17.2) |  |
 12–23.99 | 154 (26.6) | 271 (22.7) |  | 48 (37.5) | 70 (26.2) |  |
 > = 24 | 129 (22.2) | 675 (56.4) |  | 22 (17.2) | 141 (52.8) |  |
Weight (kg) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 5 | 63 (10.9) | 21 (1.8) |  | 17 (13.3) | 6 (2.3) |  |
 5–7.99 | 231 (39.8) | 240 (20.0) |  | 55 (43.0) | 54 (20.2) |  |
 8–13.99 | 230 (39.7) | 520 (43.5) |  | 50 (39.1) | 134 (50.2) |  |
 > = 14 | 56 (9.6) | 415 (34.7) |  | 6 (4.6) | 73 (27.3) |  |
PAH | Â | Â | 0.251 | Â | Â | 0.965 |
 YES | 249 (42.9) | 548 (45.8) |  | 51 (39.8) | 107 (40.1) |  |
 NO | 331 (57.1) | 648 (54.2) |  | 77 (60.2) | 160 (59.9) |  |
RACHS-1 | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 <=2 | 280 (48.3) | 1106 (92.5) |  | 56 (43.8) | 256 (95.9) |  |
 > = 3 | 300 (51.7) | 90 (7.5) |  | 72 (56.2) | 11 (4.1) |  |
Preoperative hospital stay (min) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 125 | 156 (26.9) | 643 (53.8) |  | 31 (24.2) | 132 (49.4) |  |
 125–174.99 | 179 (30.9) | 365 (30.5) |  | 44 (34.4) | 78 (29.2) |  |
 175–224.99 | 89 (15.3) | 115 (9.6) |  | 21 (16.4) | 32 (12.0) |  |
 > = 225 | 156 (26.9) | 73 (6.1) |  | 32 (25.0) | 25 (9.4) |  |
Anaesthesia time (min) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 190 | 41 (7.1) | 353 (29.5) |  | 11 (8.6) | 92 (34.5) |  |
 190–239.99 | 202 (34.8) | 638 (53.3) |  | 52 (40.6) | 144 (53.9) |  |
 > = 240 | 337 (58.1) | 205 (17.2) |  | 65 (50.8) | 31 (11.6) |  |
Cardiopulmonary bypass time (min) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 65 | 68 (11.7) | 555 (46.4) |  | 18 (14.1) | 147 (55.1) |  |
 65–94.99 | 184 (31.7) | 519 (43.4) |  | 40 (31.2) | 101 (37.8) |  |
 95–134.99 | 218 (37.6) | 105 (8.8) |  | 47 (36.7) | 18 (6.7) |  |
 > = 135 | 110 (19.0) | 17 (1.4) |  | 23 (18.0) | 1 (0.4) |  |
Aortic occlusion time (min) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 25 | 40 (6.9) | 301 (25.1) |  | 9 (7.1) | 79 (29.6) |  |
 25–54.99 | 239 (41.2) | 770 (64.4) |  | 51 (39.8) | 164 (61.4) |  |
 > = 55 | 301 (51.9) | 125 (10.5) |  | 68 (53.1) | 24 (9.0) |  |
Operation time (min) | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 < 110 | 3 (0.5) | 64 (5.4) |  | 1 (0.8) | 22 (8.2) |  |
 110–179.99 | 248 (42.8) | 910 (76.0) |  | 61 (47.7) | 220 (82.4) |  |
 > = 180 | 329 (56.7) | 222 (18.6) |  | 66 (51.65) | 25 (9.4) |  |
Intraoperative blood transfusion | Â | Â | <.001 | Â | Â | <.001 |
 YES | 264 (45.5) | 166 (13.9) |  | 59 (46.1) | 215 (80.5) |  |
 NO | 316 (54.5) | 1030 (86.1) |  | 69 (53.9) | 52 (19.5) |  |
Preoperative total protein content (g/L) | Â | Â | 0.03 | Â | Â | 0.038 |
 < 59 | 99 (17.1) | 158 (13.2) |  | 18 (14.1) | 20 (7.5) |  |
 > = 59 | 481 (82.9) | 1038 (86.8) |  | 110 (85.9) | 247 (92.5) |  |
Preoperative albumin (g/L) | Â | Â | 0.509 | Â | Â | 0.486 |
 < 39 | 15 (2.6) | 25 (2.1) |  | 5 (3.9) | 7 (2.6) |  |
 > = 39 | 565 (97.4) | 1171 (97.9) |  | 123 (96.1) | 260 (97.4) |  |