Table 3 The change of tumor cells in the effluent pulmonary veins after lobectomy (vein-first versus artery-first)
From: Vein-first versus artery-first ligation procedure for lung cancer surgery: An updated review
References | Country | Study design | Level of evidence* | No. of patients | Tumor staging | Change of CTCs after surgery in the effluent PV | Indicators of tumor cells in PV | HR (95% CI) of the sequence for CTCs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wei [4] | China | Multicenter RCT (NCT03436329) | 3 | NSCLC: 38/40 | I: 22/21; II: 10/10; III: 9/12; IV: 2/0, p > 0.05 | Incremental changes of CTCs: 31.6% (12/38) vs. 65.0% (26/40), p < 0.05 | NR | 4.03 (1.53–10.63), p, 0.005 |
Kurusu [15] | Japan | Single-center RCT | 4 | NSCLC: 15/15 SCLC: 3/3 | I: 14/15; IIIA: 4/3, p > 0.05 | NR | Positive CEA mRNA in initially negative samples: 42.9% (3/7) vs. 85.7% (6/7), p > 0.05 | NR |
Ge [16] | China | Single-center RCT | 4 | NSCLC: 12/11 | I: 6/3; II: 3/4; III: 3/4, p > 0.05 | NR | Postoperative CEA mRNA was increased similarly, p > 0.05 | NR |
Ai [17] | China | Single-center RCT | 4 | NSCLC: 14/12 | I: 3/3; II: 2/2; III: 9/7 | NR | The Pin 1 mRNA was changed similarly, p > 0.05 | NR |
Song [18] | China | Single-center RCT | 4 | NSCLC: 15/15 | I/II/III: 9/13/8 | NR | Serum cytokeratin 19 (CK19)/adhesion molecule CD44v6 mRNA was changed significantly after surgery in artery-first group, but not vein-first group, p < 0.05 | NR |
Duan [1] | China | Retrospective | 4 | NSCLC: 19/14 | I/II/III: 21/6/6 | The increases of CTC after surgery was higher in the vein-first group (+ 11 vs. + 4.5), p < 0.05 | NR | NR |
Hashimoto [19] | Japan | Retrospective | 4 | NSCLC: 9/21 | I/II/III/IV: 17/8/3/2 | The increase of CTCs after surgery was similar between the groups (+ 33 vs. + 56), p > 0.05 | NR | NR |