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Table 1 Preoperative characteristics of study groups before and after matching

From: Incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing minimally invasive versus median sternotomy valve surgery: propensity score matching

 

Overall unmatched patients

Overall patients after propensity score-matching

Patients after propensity score-matching

Mitral valve

Aortic valve

Variables

MIVS

FS

p value

MIVS

FS

p value

Minimally invasive

FS

p value

Minimally invasive

FS

p value

n = 80

n = 996

n = 74

n = 74

n = 42

n = 42

n = 29

n = 29

Age (years)

51.1 ± 15.9

50.9 ± 11.98

0.959

51.35 ± 16.2

50.8 ± 13.12

0.824

46.0 ± 12.1

48.34 ± 10.42

0.341

60.48 ± 15.5

55.6 ± 8.8

0.142

Gender (Male)

47 (58.8)

550 (55.5)

0.541

44 (59.5)

43 (58.1)

0.867

24 (57.1)

15 (35.7)

0.49

19 (65.5)

16 (55.2)

0.421

BMI, (kg/m2)

23.47 ± 4.72

22.19 ± 4.02

0.007

23.6 ± 4.84

22.21 ± 4.26

0.065

24.15 ± 5.6

21.3 ± 3.5

0.006

23.4 ± 3.2

22.3 ± 4.1

0.265

Current or former smoker

18 (22.5)

74 (7.4)

0.0001

13 (17.6)

23 (31.1)

0.055

8 (19.0)

13 (31.0)

0.208

3 (10.3)

9 (31.0)

0.052

Hypertension

23 (28.7)

255 (25.6)

0.536

22 (29.7)

22 (29.7)

1.000

14 (33.3)

10 (23.8)

0.334

7 (24.1)

10 (34.5)

0.387

Diabetes Mellitus

9 (11.3)

65 (6.5)

0.108

9 (12.2)

10 (13.5)

0.806

3 (7.1)

2 (4.8)

0.645

6 (20.7)

6 (20.7)

1.000

COPD

9 (13.3)

61 (6.1)

0.074

4 (5.4)

11 (14.9)

0.057

3 (7.1)

7 (16.7)

0.178

5 (17.2)

9 (31.0)

0.220

History of Cerebrovascular disease

1 (1.3)

19 (1.9)

0.675

1 (1.4)

7 (9.5)

0.029

1 (2.4)

0 (0.0)

0.314

0 (0.0)

1 (3.4)

0.313

LVEF

64.38 ± 7.8

62.93 ± 6.9

0.072

63.9 ± 7.9

62.30 ± 7.3

0.178

65.07 ± 7.4

64.7 ± 7.5

0.815

61.8 ± 8.5

61.0 ± 6.8

0.686

Atrial fibrillation

4 (5.0)

11 (1.1)

0.004

18 (24.3)

23 (31.1)

0.358

3 (7.1)

8 (19.0)

0.106

1 (3.4)

1 (3.4)

1.000

NYHA Class

            

 I-II

58 (72.5)

634 (63.7)

0.112

54 (73)

40 (54.1)

0.017

33 (78)

27 (64.3)

0.147

20 (69)

22 (75.9)

0.557

 III-IV

22 (27.5)

362 (36.3)

 

20 (27.0)

34 (45.9)

 

9 (21.4)

15 (35.7)

 

9 (31.0)

7 (24.1)

 
  1. Continuous variables are described by mean ± SD and by median, and categorical variables are shown as n (%)
  2. BMI body mass index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NYHA New York Heart Association functional classification