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Table 4 Patients with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) versus without PPCs

From: Incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing minimally invasive versus median sternotomy valve surgery: propensity score matching

Variables

With PPCs

Without PPCs

p value

n = 65

n = 83

Age (years)

51.4 ± 12.4

50.9 ± 16.38

0.834

Gender (male)

35 (53.8)

52 (62.7)

0.280

BMI, (kg/m2)

22.75 ± 5.9

23.03 ± 3.2

0.725

LVEF

62.74 ± 7.2

63.46 ± 7.8

0.566

COPD

12 (18.5)

3 (3.6)

0.003

Hypertension

20 (30.8)

24 (28.9)

0.807

Diabetes

8 (12.3)

11 (13.3)

0.865

Atrial fibrillation

15 (23.1)

26 (31.3)

0.266

Current or former smoker

22 (33.8)

14 (16.9)

0.017

Aortic Cross-clamp time, min

85.9 ± 21.7

81.3 ± 20.1

0.187

CBP time, min

116.43 ± 31.8

107.1 ± 37.1

0.110

Operative time, min

301.7 ± 74.6

262.5 ± 111.7

0.016

ICU length of stay, days

4.4 ± 2.6

3.1 ± 2.4

0.001

Hospital stay, days

11.88 ± 5.3

9.6 ± 3.4

0.002

Transfusion RBC’s of patients

25 (38.5)

16 (19.3)

0.010

Prolonged mechanical ventilation time (> 24 h)

16 (24.6)

9 (10.8)

0.026

Hospital mortality

3 (4.6)

0 (0.0)

0.048

  1. Continuous variables are described by mean ± SD and by median, and categorical variables are shown as n (%)
  2. BMI body mass index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NYHA New York Heart Association functional classification, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass time, ICU intensive care unit, RBC red blood cells