Variables | 3rd generation (n = 216) | 1st generation (n = 266) | p value | SD (%) | 3rd generation (n = 194) | 1st generation (n = 194) | p value | SD (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative | ||||||||
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 130 (60.2) | 186 (69.9) | 0.028* | − 44.6 | 121 (62.3) | 129 (66.5) | 0.682 | − 1.1 |
Female | 86 (39.8) | 80 (30.1) | 73 (37.7) | 65 (33.5) | ||||
Age, years | 63.4 ± 11.4 | 64.2 ± 11.9 | 0.446 | − 15.3 | 63.4 ± 10.8 | 63.6 ± 12.8 | 0.596 | − 2.2 |
< 70 years | 128 (59.3) | 153 (57.5) | 0.281 | 28.6 | 119 (61.3) | 118 (60.8) | 0.841 | 4.9 |
≥ 70 years | 88 (40.7) | 113 (42.5) | 75 (38.7) | 76 (39.1) | ||||
Obesity | ||||||||
BMI < 25 | 158 (73.1) | 184 (69.2) | 0.024* | 41.1 | 143 (73.7) | 144 (74.3) | 0.955 | − 1.6 |
BMI ≥ 25 | 58 (26.9) | 82 (30.8) | 51 (26.3) | 50 (25.7) | ||||
Smoker | 82 (37.9) | 110 (41.3) | 0.086 | − 28.4 | 74 (38.1) | 70 (36.1) | 0.211 | 7.6 |
Hypertension | 149 (69.1) | 204 (76.7) | 0.042* | − 48.6 | 125 (64.4) | 131 (67.5) | 0.224 | − 8.1 |
Diabetes mellitus (DM) | 61 (28.2) | 90 (33.8) | 0.112 | − 13.4 | 53 (27.3) | 52 (26.8) | 0.918 | 0.7 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 24 (11.1) | 34 (12.8) | 0.441 | − 10.2 | 20 (10.3) | 19 (9.8) | 0.868 | 0.7 |
Dialysis | 11 (5.1) | 18 (6.8) | 0.404 | − 9.8 | 9 (4.6) | 10 (5.1) | 0.644 | − 0.8 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 14 (6.5) | 21 (7.9) | 0.702 | 0.8 | 13 (6.7) | 14 (7.2) | 0.851 | − 0.9 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 13 (6.0) | 22 (4.7) | 0.343 | 12.0 | 9 (4.6) | 14 (7.2) | 0.186 | − 7.2 |
LV dysfunction | ||||||||
EF < 30% poor | 22 (10.2) | 25 (9.4) | 0.481 | 2.9 | 19 (9.8) | 21 (10.8) | 0.657 | − 3.7 |
EF 30–50% moderate | 56 (25.9) | 80 (30.1) | 51 (26.3) | 59 (30.4) | ||||
EF > 50% | 138 (63.9) | 161 (60.1) | 124 (63.9) | 114 (58.8) | ||||
EuroSCORE risk index | ||||||||
Category 1 (≤ 2) | 112 (51.8) | 137 (51.5) | < 0.001 | − 51.5 | 101 (51.9) | 100 (51.5) | 0.388 | 10.6 |
Category 2 (3–5) | 56 (26.0) | 102 (38.4) | 51 (26.2) | 72 (37.1) | ||||
Category 3 (≥ 6) | 48 (22.2) | 27 (10.1) | 42 (21.9) | 22 (11.4) | ||||
Intraoperative | ||||||||
Surgical status | ||||||||
Elective | 185 (85.7) | 237 (89.1) | 0.110 | − 7.6 | 172 (88.7) | 174 (89.7) | 0.249 | 9.3 |
Urgent | 24 (11.1) | 19 (7.2) | 17 (8.7) | 14 (7.2) | ||||
Emergency | 7 (3.2) | 10 (3.7) | 5 (2.6) | 6 (3.1) | ||||
Type of surgery | ||||||||
CABG | 113 (52.2) | 151 (56.7) | 0.382 | 11.4 | 105 (54.1) | 114 (58.7) | 0.676 | − 0.8 |
Valve surgery | 98 (45.3) | 112 (42.1) | 86 (44.3) | 77 (39.7) | ||||
Combined CV | 5 (2.5) | 3 (1.1) | 3 (1.6) | 3 (1.6) | ||||
Internal thoracic artery | ||||||||
Harvested No | 84 (38.9) | 111 (41.7) | 0.187 | − 10.2 | 73 (37.6) | 76 (39.2) | 0.280 | − 9.8 |
Harvested left only | 106 (49.1) | 111 (41.7) | 98 (50.5) | 87 (44.9) | ||||
Harvested both | 26 (12.0) | 44 (16.6) | 23 (11.9) | 31 (15.9) | ||||
Duration of operation | ||||||||
< 4 h | 51 (23.6) | 46 (17.3) | 0.078 | − 12.8 | 45 (23.2) | 46 (23.7) | 0.775 | 0.9 |
≥ 4 h | 165 (76.4) | 220 (82.7) | 149 (76.8) | 148 (76.2) |