From: A retrospective study of 51 pediatric cases of traumatic asphyxia
Companion injury | With | Without | Total | Percentage (%) | Confidence interval (CI) (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thoracic injury | 39 | 12 | 51 | 76.5 | 64.4–88.5a |
Pulmonary contusion | 39 | 12 | 51 | 76.5 | 64.4–88.5a |
Mediastinal emphysema | 5 | 46 | 51 | 9.8 | 1.4–18.3b |
Multiple rib fracture | 7 | 44 | 51 | 13.5 | 3.9–23.1a |
Single rib fracture | 2 | 49 | 51 | 3.85 | 1.4–13.6b |
Clavicle fracture | 6 | 45 | 51 | 11.8 | 2.6–20.9a |
Craniocerebral injury | 17 | 34 | 51 | 33.3 | 19.9–46.7a |
Cranial fracture | 8 | 43 | 51 | 15.7 | 5.4–26.0a |
Cerebral contusion or hemorrhage | 6 | 45 | 51 | 11.8 | 2.6–20.9 a |
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury | 8 | 43 | 51 | 15.7 | 5.4–26.0a |
Abdominal injury | 10 | 41 | 51 | 19.6 | 8.3–30.9a |
Liver contusion | 6 | 45 | 51 | 11.8 | 2.6–20.9a |
Kidney contusion | 5 | 46 | 51 | 9.8 | 1.4–18.3b |
Spleen contusion | 2 | 49 | 51 | 3.9 | 1.4–13.6b |
Pancreas contusion | 1 | 50 | 51 | 2.0 | 0.0–10.5b |
Adrenal contusion | 1 | 50 | 51 | 2.0 | 0.0–10.5b |
Other | 42 | 9 | 51 | 82.4 | 71.5–93.2a |
Other fracture | 22 | 29 | 51 | 43.1 | 29.1–57.2a |
Mastoid hemorrhage | 7 | 44 | 51 | 13.5 | 3.9–23.1a |
Hematocele of paranasal sinuses | 10 | 41 | 51 | 19.6 | 8.3–30.9a |
Strainghtening or reversal of cervical lordosis | 3 | 48 | 51 | 5.9 | 1.2–16.2b |
Atlantoaxial subluxation | 3 | 48 | 51 | 5.9 | 1.2–16.2b |
Spinal injury | 3 | 48 | 51 | 5.9 | 1.2–16.2b |
Hematuria | 6 | 45 | 51 | 11.8 | 2.6–20.9a |
Hepatic insufficiency* | 26 | 23 | 49 | 53.1 | 38.6–67.5a |
Myocardial injury** | 26 | 9 | 35 | 74.3 | 59.1–89.5a |
Retinal hemorrhage and edema | 3 | 12 | 15 | 20.0 | 4.3–48.1b |