Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
No | Author | Dexmedetomidine group | Control group | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | Age (years) | Sex(male/female) | Body mass index (kg/m2) | ASA (I/II/III) | Methods | Number | Age (years) | Sex(male/female) | Body mass index (kg/m2) | ASA (I/II/III) | Methods | Surgery type | Combined anaesthetics | Outcomes | Jada scores | ||
1 | Wang 2020 | 46 | 56.78 ± 12.81 | 17/29 | 22.09 ± 3.22 | 7/39/0 | dexmedetomidine 0.8 μ g/kg administered for 10 min before anesthesia | 44 | 60.48 ± 12.58 | 22/22 | 22.89 ± 2.85 | 10/34/0 | placebo | video-assisted thoracoscopic lung lobectomy | fentanyl, propofol and isoflurane | pain score (numeric rating scale), heart rate, blood pressure | 3 (minus 2, undescribed blindness) |
2 | Kim 2019 | 60 | 63 [58–68], median [interquartile range] | 28/32 | 24 ± 3 | 18/42/0 | dexmedetomidine started after inducing anesthesia and continued until the end of surgery at a fixed dose (0.5 ug/kg/h) | 60 | 59 [56–65] | 30/30 | 23 ± 5 | 20/40/0 | placebo | thoracoscopic lung resection surgery | sevoflurane | pain score (numeric rating scale), analgesic consumption (opioids), ICU stay | 5 |
3 | Wu 2018 | 30 | 59.0 ± 8.8 | 15/15 | - | 2/14/14 | 0.5 ug/kg/h dexmedetomidine through the surgery | 30 | 58.7 ± 10.1 | 16/14 | - | 1/18/11 | placebo | thoracoscopic surgery | fentanyl, propofol and sevoflurane | heart rate, blood pressure, ICU stay and hospital stay | 4 (minus 1, unclear blindness) |
4 | Wang 2016 | 40 | 54.25 ± 9.98 | 20/20 | 21.93 ± 2.12 | - | 0.5 μ g/kg, dexmedetomidine diluted to 20 mL with physiologic saline and infused for 10 min intravenously before the surgery | 40 | 55.63 ± 11.20 | 20/20 | 22.10 ± 2.13 | - | no dexmedetomidine | video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy | oxycodone, propofol, fentanyl and sevoflurane | analgesic consumption (oxycodone dose), heart rate, blood pressure | 5 |
5 | Lee 2016 | 50 | 62.0 ± 10.5 | 26/24 | 23.6 ± 0.4 | 0/37/13 | dexmedetomidine 1.0 ug/kg for 20 min before the termination of surgery | 50 | 62.0 ± 11.5 | 23/27 | 23.6 ± 0.4 | 0/42/8 | placebo | video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for lung cancer | propofol, remifentanil, desflurane and fentanyl | pain score (numeric rating scale), analgesic consumption (opioids), ICU stay | 5 |
6 | Lee 2016 (2) | 25 | 68.4 ± 6.4 | 12/13 | 22.3 ± 2.7 | 0/11/14 | dexmedetomidine at an initial loading dose of 1.0 ug/kg over 10 min followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5 ug/kg/h during the surgery | 25 | 69.4 ± 8.7 | 11/14 | 22.7 ± 2.1 | 0/12/13 | placebo | thoracoscopy for lung resection | propofol, remifentanil, and sevoflurane | heart rate, blood pressure, ICU stay and hospital stay | 5 |