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Table 1 Comparison of patients’ baseline demographic and clinical characteristics

From: Impact of frailty status on clinical and functional outcomes after concomitant valve replacement and bipolar radiofrequency ablation in patients aged 65 years and older

Variables

Total sample

(n = 185)

Patient groups

 

Frail

(n = 67)

Non-frail

(n = 118)

P value

Age (yr)

70.52 ± 4.51

69.58 ± 3.87

71.06 ± 4.76

0.023

Male (n)

98

28

70

0.022

BMI (kg/m2)

21.92 ± 2.92

21.62 ± 3.12

22.21 ± 2.47

0.182

Normal BMI: 18.5–23.9 kg/m2 (n)

106

30

76

0.009

Hypoalbuminemia (n)

19

11

8

0.038

Smoking history (n)

48

23

25

0.050

Diabetes (n)

23

7

16

0.538

Hypertension (n)

88

33

55

0.729

Peripheral vascular disease

14

5

9

0.968

LVEF

0.615 ± 0.079

0.589 ± 0.086

0.630 ± 0.071

0.001

NYHA (IV) (n)

20

15

5

0.000

AF duration (years)

7.39 ± 3.96

7.06 ± 3.53

7.58 ± 4.18

0.387

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

96.61 ± 17.52

94.74 ± 16.78

97.67 ± 17.91

0.276

COPD(n)

7

1

0

0.314

Cancer(n)

6

2

4

0.881

Severe pulmonary hypertension (n)

36

15

11

0.448

Stroke or non-CNS embolism (n)

28

10

18

0.952

CAD(n)

26

11

15

0.486

liver dysfunction (n)

18

8

10

0.445

The number of valves requiring surgery (n)

    

Double

41

12

29

0.627

Single

144

55

89

 
  1. BMI, body mass index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TIA, Transient Ischemic Attack; CAD, coronary artery disease