Table 1 Pathways and mechanisms resulting in a prothrombotic state in APLS
From: Antiphospholipid syndrome; its implication in cardiovascular diseases: a review
Pathway | Mechanism |
|---|---|
Activation of endothelial cells: | expression of adhesion molecules or tissue factor (2,13,14) |
Activation of thrombocytes: | induction of thromboxane A2, increased adhension (15) |
Activation of coagulation cascade: | A. tissue factor production (activation of extrinsic pathway: monocytes (14) |
| Â | B. via thrombin activation (direct mechanism) (2,10) |
| Â | C. via cell activation (indirect mechanism) (2) |
Inhibition of anticoagulation: | A. inhibition of plasminogen/plasmin (2,16) |
| Â | B. inhibition of t-PA by displacement from annexin II (16) |
| Â | C. inhibition of protein C by thrombomodulin (2,11) |
| Â | D. inhibition of protein S (11) |