Table 1 Clinical data at implantation, weaning and post-explantation
Time/Parameter | Pre ECMO | 3 months post LVAD | 9000 rpm rest | 6000 rpm rest | 9000 rpm exercise | 6000 rpm exercise | p-explant | 9 months p-explant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NYHA | IV | I-II | I-II | I-II | -- | -- | -- | I-II |
Hemodynamics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 70 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 80 | 90 |
Mean blood pressure, mm Hg | 40 | 95 | 80 | 85 | 180 | 130 | - | - |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | - | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 50 | 60 |
Heart rate, beats/min | 130 | 66 | 70 | 85 | 182 | 185 | 110 | 73 |
Cardiac index, L/min/m2 | - | - | - | 3.2 | - | 4.9 | 2.9 | -- |
Pulmonary capillary wedge, mm Hg | - | - | - | 11 | - | 22 | - | -- |
Pulmonary artery systolic, mm Hg | - | - | - | 21 | - | 40 | 28 | -- |
Pulmonary artery diastolic, mm Hg | - | - | - | 10 | - | 20 | 11 | -- |
Central venous pressure, mm Hg | - | - | - | 4 | - | 11 | 13 | -- |
Right ventricular stroke work index, g/m2 | - | - | - | 366 | - | 416 | 87 | - |
Mixed venous O2 saturation, % | - | - | - | 67 | - | 27 | 61 | -- |
LVAD monitor | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Revolutions per minute | -- | - | 9000 | 6000 | 9000 | 6000 | -- | -- |
Flow, L/min | -- | - | 5.3 | "---" | 6.6 | "---" | -- | -- |
Pulsatility index | -- | - | 5.4 | 6.2 | 3.7 | 6.3 | -- | -- |
Exercise test | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
VO2, ml/(kg × min) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 15.3 | -- | 15.5 |
VE/VCO2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 75 | -- | 35 |
Respiratory exchange ratio | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.01 | -- | 0.9 |
Laboratory | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Creatinine, μmol/L | 64 | 109 | 61 | - | - | - | 124 | 95 |
NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 2060 | - | 137 | - | - | - | 6530 | 312 |
Troponin T, ng/mL | < 0.01 | - | < 0.01 | - | - | - | 0.90 | - |
Echocardiography | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 10-15 | 70-75 | 75-80 | 70-75 | 75 | 70 | 60-70 | 55-60 |
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, mm | - | 42 | 37-40 | 39 | 42 | 37-40 | 35 | 51 |
Fractional shortening, % | - | 40 | 50 | 40 | 48 | 45 | 37 | 31 |
Right ventricular fractional area change, % | - | 35 | 38 | 40 | - | 39 | - | 32 |
Right ventricular end-diastolic diameter, mm | - | 28 | 27 | 27 | 23 | 22 | 27 | 29 |
Tricuspid regurgitation, grade, 1-4 | - | 2 | < 1 | < 1 | - | < 1 | 2 | 2 |
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, mm | - | 8.5 | 9 | 9.5 | - | 10 | 11 | 15 |
E/A ratio | - | 2.2 | 1.6 | 2.8 | - | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2.5 |
E/E' ratio | - | - | 12 | 15 | - | 11 | - | 18 |
Left atrial diameter, mm | - | 25 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 30 | 23 | 46 |
Mitral regurgitation, grade, 1-4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Septum during systole | - | right | right | left | right | left | left | left |
Aortic valve opening | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |