Table 1 Studies of mechanical prosthetic valves obstruction due to pannus formation
Authors, years, [Ref.] | Type of studies | Position of Valves | Incidence & Time Interval | Risk Factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitale et al. , 1997, [4] | Case series (n = 1878) | Mitral valves | 3.5%, Mean ≥ 4 years | Female, Tilting-disc valves, Bileaflet valves |
Barbetseas et al. , 1998, [6] | Case series (n = 23) | Mitral &Aortic valves | More common in aortic position, 178 ± 52 months | Not indicated |
Rizzoli et al. , 1999, [7] | Case series (n = 2680) | Mitral &Aortic &Tricuspid valves | 0.24%/patient/year, Median = 13 years | Tilting-disc valves, Caged-disk/ball valves |
Teshima et al. , 2003, [5] | Case series (n = 615) | Aortic valves | 1.95%, Mean = 83 ± 52 months | Inadequate anticoagulation, SJM valves |
Sakamoto et al. , 2006, [9] | Case series (n = 390) | Aortic valves | 1.8%, Mean = 10 ± 7.9 years | Small prostheses size Turbulent Flow |
Kondruweit et al. 2008, [8] | A case report | Aortic valve | 6 months | Small prosthesis size, Rheumatic fever |
Mullenix et al. , 2008, [3] | A case report | Aortic valve | 15 years | Female, A tilting-disc valve |
Hurwitz et al. , 2009, [2] | A case report | Aortic valve | 8 years | Female, Endocarditis |
Khan et al. , 2009, [12] | A case report | Mitral valve | 7 years | Female, Subvalvular chordae preservation |
Matsuyama et al. 2011, [11] | A case report | Mitral valve | 27 months | Inadequate anticoagulation, female |
Park et al. , 2011, [13] | A case report | Mitral valve | 9 years | Female, Subvalvular chordae preservation |