The effect of the time interval between coronary angiography and on-pump cardiac surgery on risk of postoperative acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis

Table 1 Main characteristics of 9 included studies

Study	Year	Country	Type of study	Sample size	Main operation	Definition of AKI	Total AKI incidence	Adjustment
Ranucci [14]	2013	USA	Cohort	4440	CABG	A	21.7%	Age, EF, MI, congestive heart failure, previous operation, urgent operation, creatinine, CPB duration, nadir HCT
Ranucci [14]	2013	USA	Cohort	4440	Valve Surgery	A	21.7%
Ko [9]	2012	USA	Cohort	2133	CABG	A	32.0%	None
Ko [9]	2012	USA	Cohort	2133	AVR	A	32.0%	None
Mcllroy [21]	2012	USA	Cohort	644	CABG	A	21.9%	Age, BMI, CPB duration, procedure type, N-acetylcysteine administration, modified EuroSCORE
Mcllroy [21]	2012	USA	Cohort	644	Valve Surgery	A	21.9%
Greason [11]	2012	USA	Cohort	642	AVR	A	22.7%	None
Andersen [10]	2012	USA	Case-control	285	Aorta replacement	B (R)	31.0%	Age, sex, BMI, eGFR, hypertension, CHF, diabetes, CPB duration, EF, hemoglobin, aprotinin exposure
Andersen [10]	2012	USA	Case-control	285	CABG	B (R)	31.0%
Mehta [22]	2011	USA	Case-control	2441	CABG	A	17.1%	Age, sex, race, BMI, diabetes, CHF, MI, EF, hypertension, contrast volume and type, cardiogenic shock, cross-clamp time, creatinine, hemoglobin
Medalion [17]	2010	Israel	Case-control	395	CABG	B (R)	13.6%	None
Hennessy [16]	2010	USA	Cohort	197	Valve Surgery	B (I)	6.6%	None
Hennessy [16]	2010	USA	Cohort	197	CABG	B (I)	6.6%	None
Del Duca [15]	2007	Canada	Case-control	649	CABG	C	24.0%	Age, CPB duration, baseline GFR
Del Duca [15]	2007	Canada	Case-control	649	Valve Surgery	C	24.0%	Age, CPB duration, baseline GFR

A: defined by the AKI network: absolute increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥ 50% in serum creatinine from baseline value within 48 h after surgery, or a requirement for postoperative dialysis.
B: defined by the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-stage renal disease (RIFLE) criteria for acute renal failure, which are based on differences between the baseline and peak postoperative serum creatinine levels (“R” stage: plasma creatinine level ≥ 1.5 × baseline; “I” stage: plasma creatinine level ≥ 2.0 × baseline).
C: defined as a rise in serum creatinine of greater than 25% by the third postoperative day or renal dysfunction that requires the initiation of dialysis.
Abbreviations, AKI acute kidney injury, AVR aortic valve replacement, BMI body mass index; CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, CHF congestive heart failure, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, DHCA deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, EF ejection fraction, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, GFR glomerular filtration rate, HCT hematocrit, IMA internal mammary artery, MI myocardial infarction.

ISSN: 1749-8090