|
Age (yr)
|
65.7 ± 12.6
|
67.2 ± 11.5
|
NS
|
|
NYHA class
|
1.9 ± 0.7
|
1.9 ± 0.7
|
NS
|
|
BMI
|
23.0 ± 4.1
|
23.0 ± 3.4
|
NS
|
|
Hypertension
|
38 (79.2)
|
47 (82.4)
|
NS
|
|
Diabetes
|
14 (29.2)
|
18 (31.6)
|
NS
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
18 (37.5)
|
25 (43.9)
|
NS
|
|
Previous CHF
|
22 (45.8)
|
23 (40.4)
|
NS
|
|
Previous MI
|
7 (14.6)
|
12 (21.1)
|
NS
|
|
Previous AF
|
8 (16.7)
|
10 (17.5)
|
NS
|
|
LV Ejection fraction (%)
|
60.5 ± 14.7
|
56.4 ± 15.2
|
NS
|
|
Preoperative ACE inhibitor use
|
38 (79.2)
|
37 (64.9)
|
NS
|
|
Preoperative β-blocker use
|
24 (50.0)
|
29 (50.9)
|
NS
|
|
Postoperative β-blocker use
|
16 (33.3)
|
41 (71.9)
|
<0.0001
|
|
Preoperative Cr (mg/dL)
|
1.1 ± 1.8
|
1.3 ± 1.6
|
NS
|
|
Preoperative % VC
|
95 ± 21
|
94 ± 19
|
NS
|
|
Preoperative FEV 1.0%
|
82 ± 15
|
82 ± 14
|
NS
|
|
On-pump CABG
|
5 (10.4)
|
9 (15.8)
|
NS
|
|
Off-pump CABG
|
14 (29.2)
|
27 (47.4)
|
NS
|
|
Valve surgery
| | | |
|
AVR
|
16 (33.3)
|
12 (21.1)
|
NS
|
|
MVR
|
3 (6.3)
|
2 (3,5)
|
NS
|
|
MVP
|
9 (18.8)
|
6 (10.5)
|
NS
|
|
TVP
|
1 (2.1)
|
1 (1.8)
|
NS
|
|
Operating time (min)
|
344 ± 78
|
334 ± 86
|
NS
|
|
Blood loss (mL)
|
1159 ± 1036
|
1197 ± 1246
|
NS
|
|
Fluid and blood infusion volume (mL)
|
5471 ± 1657
|
5405 ± 1948
|
NS
|
|
Urine volume (mL)
|
1283 ± 933
|
1270 ± 948
|
NS
|
|
No. of patients receiving intraoperative remifentanil
|
32 (66.7)
|
39 (68.4)
|
NS
|
|
Intraoperative remifentanil dose (μg/kg/min)
|
0.18 ± 0.06
|
0.21 ± 0.07
|
NS
|
|
Postoperative AF
|
12 (25.0)
|
5 (8.8)
|
0.02
|
|
Time of onset of new AF (d)
|
2.2 ± 1.0
|
3.0 ± 1.2
|
NS
|
|
Length of ICU stay (d)
|
3.5 ± 2.0
|
3.0 ± 2.1
|
NS
|
|
Time to extubation (hr)
|
20.9 ± 41.6
|
16.0 ± 29.1
|
NS
|
|
Postoperative complications
| | | |
|
Pulmonary edema
|
6 (12.5)
|
7 (12.3)
|
NS
|
|
Stroke
|
1 ((2.1)
|
0
|
NS
|
|
Seizures
|
1 (2.1)
|
1 (1.8)
|
NS
|
|
Renal failure
|
0
|
1 (1.8)
|
NS
|
