Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of early (≤30 days) mortality

Age, y

<0.001

1.04 (1.02-1.06)

<0.001

1.04 (1.02-1.07)

Sex (female)

0.058

1.42 (0.99-2.04)

Severely impaired LV function

(EF <30%)

0.006

2.61 (1.32-5.14)

0.026

2.24 (1.10-4.56)

Hypertension

0.669

1.08 (0.75-1.56)

Diabetes Mellitus

0.351

1.24 (0.79-1.94)

Endocarditis

0.006

2.38 (1.28-4.44)

0.006

2.85 (1.36-5.96)

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

0.165

0.97 (0.93-1.01)

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

0.052

1.65 (0.99-2.73)

Renal dysfunction

<0.001

2.68 (1.54-4.64)

0.032

1.90 (1.06-3.40)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

0.005

1.78 (1.19-2.68)

0.029

1.61 (1.05-2.46)

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

0.013

2.20 (1.18-4.08)

0.110

1.71 (0.89-3.29)

Mechanical prosthetic valve

0.418

0.86 (0.60-1.24)

Concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

0.004

1.71 (1.19-2.46)

0.872

0.96 (0.62-1.51)

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, min

<0.001

1.02 (1.01-1.02)

<0.001

1.01 (1.01-1.02)

Aortic cross-clamp time, min

<0.001

1.02 (1.01-1.02)

0.691

1.00 (0.99-1.01)

Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) (cut-off ≤ 0.85 cm²/m²)

0.014

1.80 (1.13-2.88)

0.120

1.50 (0.90-2.48)

Previous cardiac surgery

<0.001

2.96 (1.90-4.59)

0.072

1.62 (0.96-2.75)