New technique of local ischemic preconditioning induction without repetitive aortic cross-clamping in cardiac surgery

Table 1 Protocol of intermittent ante-retrograde warm blood cardioplegia

Episode of cardioplegia (No) and mode of infusion	Volume flow rate of blood delivery (ml/min)	Volume flow rate of delivery of 10% KCl solution (ml/h)	Duration of cardioplegia infusion (min)
1 - antegrade*	200	100 (preceded by bolus dose of 4 ml)	2.5
1 - retrograde	200	10	3.0
2 - retrograde	200	10 (preceded by bolus dose of 2 ml)	3.0
3 - retrograde	200	10	3.0
4 - retrograde	200	10	4.0
5 - retrograde	200	10	5.0

*first episode of cardioplegia consisted of 2.5-min antegrade infusion plus 3.0-min retrograde infusion.

ISSN: 1749-8090