From: Coronary artery rupture in blunt thoracic trauma: a case report and review of literature
Reference | Age & gender | Mechanism of injury | Diagnosis | Presentation | Artery involved | Associated cardiac injuries | Pericardial defect | Coronary artery disease | Management | Time windowa | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Goffin et al. 1974 [11]. | 62Â M | MVC | Autopsy | Dyspnea, chest pain, shock. CXR: Multiple rib fractures. Slight enlargement of the heart. ECG changes of inf. MI and AV block. Moderately elevated CPK and SGOT. | RCA | Aortic tear. Intimal tear in LCX | Present | Present | Pericardiocentesis (failed) | 9.5Â h | Died |
Trotter et al. 1998 [9]. | 15Â M | MVC | Intraop. | Chest wall contusion. Continuous murmur. Initially stable vital signs, then worsening dyspnea and cardiogenic shock. CXR: widened cardiac silhouette. RBB on ECG. | RCA | Tricuspid valve | Present | N/Ab | ACB | 8Â h | Survived |
Suzuki et al. 2000 [6]. | 59Â M | FD | Autopsy | Severe dyspnea and chest pain 14Â h after the incident. CXR: fractures of left 7th and 8th ribs with left pleural effusion. | LAD | None | Present | N/Ab | None | 17Â h | Died |
Dimopoulos et al. 2003 [16]. | 78Â F | FD | Autopsy | Anemia. Massive left pleural effusion on CXR. Atrial fibrillation and LBBB. Echocardiogram: 700Â ml of pericardial effusion with normal ejection fraction. | ICA | None | N/Ab | N/Ab | None | N/A | Died |
Straub et al. 2003 [10]. | 71Â M | FD | Intraop. | No visible chest wall lesions. Cardiogenic shock. CXR: normal. Elevated cardiac enzymes. Echocardiography: pericardial effusion, no wall motion disturbances. CT scan: hemorrhagic pericardial effusion and para-aortic contrast fluid extravasation. | RCA | None | None | Present | OPCAB | 14Â h | Died |
Sugimoto et al. 2003 [17]. | 34Â M | MVC | Intraop. | Unconscious and in severe shock. Echocardiogram: massive hemopericardium. | RCA | None | N/Ab | N/Ab | ER thoracotomy with attempted ligation of the RCA. Interval ACB three weeks later. | No delay | Survived |
Dueholm et al. 2009 [12]. | 44Â M | MVC | Autopsy | Chest pain. Normal exam. ECG: Acute MI. CXR: Fractures in left 6th and 7th ribs. Arrhythmia, followed by cardiogenic shock. | RCA | None | N/Ab | Present | None. | 56Â h | Died |
Tyson et al. 2010 [7]. | 69Â M | MVC | Intraop. | Breath sounds decreased on the left. CXR: left hemothorax and widened mediastinum. CT scan: minimal pericardial fluid. Fractures in left 2nd -7th ribs. Tube thoracostomy drained 2Â L of blood. | OM | Posterior cardiac vein | Present | N/Ab | Anterolateral thoracotomy and ligation of bleeding vessels. | 2Â h | Survived |
Burcar et al. 2013 [18]. | 15Â M | MVC | Intraop. | Chest wall hematomas. GCS 5/15. Hypotension. ST segment depression. Troponin I & CPK elevation. Bilateral lung contusions on CT scan. | LM | Intimal tear in MPA | N/Ab | N/Ab | Sternotomy. Pericardiotomy. LIMA to LAD. SVG to LCX. | N/A | Died |