Table 1 Outline of the home based balance exercises given (based on Otago exercise programme balance exercises for fall prevention) [13], including levels of progression from (A) – simplest to (D) – most challenging
Balance Exercise | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Level A | Level B | Level C | Level D |
Knee Bends | 10 repetitions Hold support | 10 repetitions No support | 10 repetitions repeat 2 times No support | 10 repetitions, repeat 3 times No support |
Backwards Walking | ---------- | 10 steps, 4 times Hold support | 10 steps, 4 times No support | |
Walking And Turning Around | ---------- | Walk and turn around (do a figure  8) twice Use walking aid | Walk and turn around (do a figure 8) twice No support | ---------- |
Sideways Walking | ---------- | 10 steps, 4 times Use walking aid | 10 steps, 4 times No support | ---------- |
Tandem Stance (Heel Toe Stand) | 10Â s Hold support | 10Â s No support | ---------- | |
Tandem Walk (Heel Toe Walk) | ---------- | ---------- | Walk 10 steps Hold support, repeat | Walk 10 steps No support, repeat |
One Leg Stand | ---------- | 10Â s, Hold support | 10Â s, No hold | 30Â s, No hold |
Heel Walking | ---------- | Â | 10 steps, 4 times Hold support | 10 steps, 4 times No support |
Toe Walk | ---------- | ---------- | 10 steps, 4 times Hold support | 10 steps, 4 times No support |
Heel Toe Walking Backwards | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- | Walk 10 steps No support, repeat |
Sit To Stand | 5 stands, 2 hands for support | 5 stands, 1 hand or 10 stands, 2 hands for support | 10 stands, no support or 10 stands, 1 hand for support, repeat | 10 stands No support, repeat |
Stair Walking | As instructed | As instructed | As instructed | As instructed |