Table 2 Multivariate analysis of factors predicting overall survival

Sex (male vs. female)

< 0.001

2.26

1.43–3.65

Age (≥70 years)

< 0.001

2.64

1.81–3.90

PS (2 vs 0–1)

0.026

2.04

1.10–3.56

Smoking

0.257

–

–

NLR (> 1.5)

0.316

–

–

Predicted post PFT^a

0.058

–

–

Histology (other vs. adenocarcinoma)

0.021

1.60

1.07–2.41

Differentiation (m/p vs. well)

0.035

1.64

1.03–2.66

Lymph-vascular invasion

0.029

1.50

1.04–2.16

Pathological stage (IB vs. IA)

0.006

1.68

1.16–2.45

Postoperative complications

0.449

–

–

Hypertension

–

–

–

Diabetes mellitus

–

–

–

eGFR (< 70 mL/min/1.73 m²)

0.890

–

–

Child–Pugh classification (B or C)

0.880

–

–

Cardiac disease

0.301

–

–

Cerebral disease

0.876

–

–

Any prior tumors

< 0.001

3.37

2.27–4.96