Use of low-dose β1-blocker for sinus tachycardia in patients with catecholamine support following cardiovascular surgery: a retrospective study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients

Patients	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	Mean ± SD
Age (years)	73	25	39	23	76	62	34	68	78	68	28	52.2 ± 22.2
Gender (M/F)	M	F	M	F	F	F	M	M	M	F	M
Height (cm)	153	166	170	167	155	161	182	162	150	150	177	163.0 ± 10.7
Weight (kg)	47	48	95	55	56	62	72	52	60	38	85	60.9 ± 17.0
LVEF (%)	72	63	63	63	58	48	63	55		81	33	59.9 ± 13.0
FS (%)	43	40	40	40	28	33	37	29		53	14	35.7 ± 10.5
Emergency (Yes/No)	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
CPB time (min)	191	356	351	289	178	240	369	211	180	246	138	250 ± 81
EuroSCORE	7	8	5	7	10	6	7	4	11	6	3	6.7 ± 2.4
CAI	6.6	8.4	11.8	4.6	3.1	41	22.1	5.4	18.2	36.4	3	14.6 ± 13.4
Landiolol (μg/kg/min)	1.8	1.6	1.5	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.0	4.4	4.2	1.1	5.0	2.6 ± 1.3

CAI was calculated using the following formula: CAI = dopamine dose (μg/kg/min) + dobutamine dose (μg/kg/min) + 100 × epinephrine dose (μg/kg/min) + 100 × norepinephrine dose (μg/kg/min) + 10 × phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor dose (μg/kg/min). High-dose catecholamine use was defined as use of CAI > 10. No preoperative LVEF and FS values were measured in patient no. 9 due to emergency operation, but global systolic function was good assessed by transesophageal echocardiography intraoperatively
F female, M male, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, FS fractional shortening, CPB cardiopulmonary bypass, CAI cardiac agent index

ISSN: 1749-8090