Fig. 1
From: Early clinical outcomes of simple pannus removal for mechanical aortic valve stenosis
![Fig. 1](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs13019-019-1022-8/MediaObjects/13019_2019_1022_Fig1_HTML.png)
Operative findings at redo surgery. a A relatively fresh thrombus laid between the pannus and the leaflet of the prosthesis (arrow); b Excised pannus from ventricular side; c, d A concentric pannus formation was seen from arterial and ventricular side