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Table 3 Regional anaesthesia and pain relief

From: National survey of enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery practice in the United Kingdom and Ireland

Use of epidural in thoracotomy patients (n = 82)

 < 5%

50%

 6–25%

10%

 26–75%

12%

 76–100%

18%

 Unsure

10%

Postoperative analgesic options (n = 80)a

 Paracetamol

98%

 NSAIDs

55%

 Weak opiates (e.g. codeine)

76%

 Strong opiates (e.g. morphine)

91%

 Neuropathic agents (e.g. gabapentin)

51%

 Local anaesthetics agents (e.g. lidocaine patches/injections)

46%

 NMDA antagonists (e.g. ketamine)

8%

  1. NMDA N-Methyl-D-aspartate, NSAIDs Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
  2. a Postoperative analgesic used in all lobectomies (VATs and open approach)