|
Case volume strata
|
|
High volume (> 60 cases/year)
|
Reference
| |
Reference
| |
|
Medium volume (30–60 cases/year)
|
1.28 [0.97–1.69]
|
0.084
|
1.56 [1.16–2.11]
|
0.004
|
|
Low volume (< 30 cases/year)
|
2.98 [2.48–3.58]
|
< 0.001
|
3.12 [2.54–3.85]
|
< 0.001
|
|
Age
|
|
≤ 49
|
Reference
| |
Reference
| |
|
50–59
|
1.11 [0.82–1.52]
|
0.502
|
1.14 [0.82–1.58]
|
0.449
|
|
60–69
|
1.51 [1.15–1.97]
|
0.003
|
1.51 [1.12–2.03]
|
0.008
|
|
70–79
|
2.17 [1.68–2.79]
|
< 0.001
|
2.21 [1.64–2.99]
|
< 0.001
|
|
≥ 80
|
2.69 [1.92–3.76]
|
< 0.001
|
3.30 [2.25–4.85]
|
< 0.001
|
|
Female
|
1.02 [0.87–1.20]
|
0.819
|
0.80 [0.66–0.97]
|
0.021
|
|
Extracardiac arteriopathy
|
1.30 [1.03–1.62]
|
0.024
|
1.08 [0.84–1.39]
|
0.559
|
|
Renal impairment
|
3.46 [2.09–5.75]
|
< 0.001
|
1.88 [1.07–3.33]
|
0.029
|
|
Chronic lung disease
|
1.21 [1.02–1.43]
|
0.028
|
0.96 [0.79–1.16]
|
0.649
|
|
Hypertension
|
1.19 [1.01–1.41]
|
0.038
|
0.89 [0.72–1.09]
|
0.262
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
1.14 [0.95–1.37]
|
0.164
|
1.03 [0.83–1.29]
|
0.776
|
|
Diabetes
|
1.33 [1.01–1.75]
|
0.042
|
1.01 [0.74–1.38]
|
0.933
|
|
Angina pectoris
|
1.25 [1.03–1.50]
|
0.023
|
1.12 [0.89–1.39]
|
0.342
|
|
Recent MI
|
1.51 [0.88–2.58]
|
0.135
|
1.19 [0.66–2.14]
|
0.560
|
|
History of PCI
|
2.45 [1.31–4.58]
|
0.005
|
1.64 [0.80–3.39]
|
0.181
|
|
Congestive heart failure
|
1.42 [1.09–1.85]
|
0.010
|
1.13 [0.83–1.53]
|
0.428
|
|
Emergent surgery
|
2.02 [1.45–2.82]
|
< 0.001
|
1.58 [1.09–2.31]
|
0.017
|
|
Atrial fibrillation
|
1.46 [1.04–2.06]
|
0.030
|
1.30 [0.89–1.90]
|
0.181
|
|
Perioperative RBC Transfusion
|
|
0–1 units
|
Reference
| |
Reference
| |
|
2–3 units
|
2.51 [1.27–4.95]
|
0.008
|
1.98 [0.99–3.96]
|
0.053
|
|
4–5 units
|
5.25 [2.65–10.38]
|
< 0.001
|
3.71 [1.86–7.43]
|
< 0.001
|
|
≥ 6 units
|
16.51 [8.39–32.47]
|
< 0.001
|
11.44 [5.75–22.79]
|
< 0.001
|
|
Surgery site
|
|
Ascending aorta
|
Reference
| |
Reference
| |
|
Aortic arch
|
1.89 [1.39–2.56]
|
< 0.001
|
1.55 [1.10–2.17]
|
0.012
|
|
Descending thoracic aorta
|
1.07 [0.86–1.33]
|
0.558
|
1.25 [0.96–1.63]
|
0.091
|
|
Combined
|
0.87 [0.71–1.06]
|
0.155
|
1.03 [0.82–1.29]
|
0.814
|
|
Surgery year
|
0.98 [0.94–1.01]
|
0.200
|
0.98 [0.94–1.02]
|
0.218
|
