Table 1 Patient Demographic and Preoperative Characteristics
Variable | TF (n = 100) | TAx (n = 24) | TT (n = 20) | p Value | p Value between groups |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 80.5 ± 7.6 | 82.9 ± 8.8 | 81.3 ± 5.3 | 0.386 | |
Male | 48 (48) | 10 (41.7) | 9 (45) | 0.846 | |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.8 ± 6.2 | 27.1 ± 6.2 | 25.8 ± 5.0 | 0.095 | |
Body surface area, m2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.208 | |
Hypertension | 86 (86) | 20 (83.3) | 20 (100) | 0.179 | |
Diabetes | 38 (38) | 15 (62.5) | 5 (25) | 0.029 | TF vs TAx, 0.029; TAx vs TT, 0.012 |
Coronary artery disease | 76 (76) | 19 (79.2) | 16 (80) | 0.895 | |
Chronic kidney disease | 23 (23) | 11 (45.8) | 9 (45) | 0.025 | TF vs TAx, 0.024; TF vs TT, 0.042 |
End-stage renal disease | 2 (2) | 1 (4.2) | 3 (15) | 0.029 | TF vs TT, 0.032 |
Creatininea, mg/dL | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 0.291 | |
Chronic lung disease | 23 (23) | 14 (58.3) | 8 (40) | 0.002 | TF vs TAx, 0.001 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 11 (11) | 5 (20.8) | 5 (25) | 0.171 | |
Previous cardiac surgery | 17 (17) | 5 (20.8) | 7 (35) | 0.186 | |
Previous CABG | 16 (16) | 4 (16.7) | 7 (35) | 0.133 | |
Previous PCI | 19 (19) | 11 (45.8) | 7 (35) | 0.015 | TF vs TAx, 0.006 |
Permanent pacemaker | 11 (11) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.073 | |
Atrial fibrillation | 35 (35) | 6 (25.0) | 5 (25) | 0.495 | |
NYHA III/IV | 90 (90) | 22 (91.7) | 18 (90) | 0.969 | |
STS-PROM | 7.3 ± 5.2 | 11.3 ± 7.6 | 11.9 ± 11.8 | 0.005 | TF vs TAx, 0.042; TF vs TT, 0.026 |
Echocardiographic data | |||||
Aortic valve area, cm2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.354 | |
Peak gradient, mmHg | 68.9 ± 23.4 | 60.6 ± 19.4 | 66.7 ± 20.4 | 0.259 | |
Mean gradient, mmHg | 39.2 ± 13.9 | 35.5 ± 11.6 | 39.7 ± 14.0 | 0.378 | |
Peak velocity, m/s | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.7 | 0.229 | |
LVEF, % | 54.8 ± 11.6 | 53.0 ± 11.1 | 49.0 ± 15.4 | 0.142 | |
PASP> 40 mmHg | 14 (14) | 11 (45.8) | 6 (30) | 0.002 | TF vs TAx, 0.001 |