Table 1 Summary of the prototype composition, date, patent number and company responsible
From: 2006 to 2019 Story; percutaneously implantable aortic valve prototypes
Valve design patent number | Type | Company | Year | Composition | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
US20060271172A1 | Prototype | Abandoned | 2006 | A valve body with a leaflet apparatus (using PTFE, bovine pericardium, or native porcine valve material) A supporting stent (metallic frame comprised of nitinol or stainless steel | [32] |
US7846204B2 | Prototype | Edwards Lifesciences Corp | 2010 | A valvular tissue made of a synthetic biocompatible material such as TEFLON or DACRON polyethylene, polyamide, or biological material such as pericardium, porcine leaflets | [33] |
US20120165929A1 | Prototype | St Jude Medical LLC | 2012 | The flow control structure of this embodiment can be entirely synthetic, e.g. an artificial polymeric material, or can be biologically derived, e.g. a xenograft of bovine pericardium or porcine pericardium, or a combination of synthetic and biologically derived | [34] |
US8425593B2 | prototype | UCL Business Ltd | 2013 | Buffer material or materials (e.g., polymer sheet or pericardial tissue sheet) are processed and cut to shape, and a bovine jugular or porcine aortic root (or individual leaflets) can be attached to the commissure posts of a valve stent | [35] |
US8454685B2 | Clinically used valve | Edwards Lifesciences Corp | 2013 | The frame can be made from nitinol to produce the 'self-expanding' valve function Alternatively, plastically expandable material that enables crimping of the valve to a smaller profile can also be used | [36] |
US20140135911A1 | Clinically used valve | Edwards Lifesciences Corp | 2014 | The valve assembly can be biological such as natural tissue, pericardial tissue or other types, and alternatively from biocompatible polymers or similar | [37] |
US20140163667 | Prototype | Speyside Medical LLC | 2014 | Ring-shaped support in the assembled valve which will be located at the base or annulus of the valve, as well as second ring-shaped support at the commissural region of the valve The shape of the hoops can be changed to a circular shape, a clover, or a semi-triangular shape to accommodate the natural aortic valve shape allowing a more uniform fit as well as less radial resistance in crush due to the irregular shape | [38] |
US9532868B2 | Prototype | St. Jude Medical Inc | 2017 | The leaflet structure is made of three flexible leaflet sheets composed of natural tissue, flexible polymer or similar. Each commissure post is partly cantilevered up towards the blood inflow, and the other post down towards the blood outflow | [39] |
EP3485848A1 | Clinically used valve | Edwards Lifesciences Corp | 2019 | A stent, frame, valvular structure, inner skirt and an outer skirt. The three leaflets are built to collapse in a tricuspid arrangement Tissues that can be used to form the valve are pericardial tissue (bovine) and biocompatible synthetic materials The frame can be formed by any plastically expandable materials (stainless steel) or self-expanding materials (nitinol) | [40] |
US10357358B2 | prototype | UCL Business Ltd | 2019 | A support structure and a flow control structure The flow control structure of this embodiment similar any of the other embodiments can be entirely synthetic, biological, or a combination of both | [41] |